面向肿瘤标志物检测的纳流体单分子传感器的关键技术及机理研究

The project intends to develop a nanofluidic single-molecular sensors for Cancer biomaker detection. This sensor is based on the nanopore technology,the principle of which is just like Coulter Counter. When the bio-molecules with charges could be driven by the electrical force to pass through the nanopore and could physically block the pore to produce measurable changes in ionic currents. A transient electrical current changing is used to detect the bio-molecules in the solution. We hope to use it to find the mutations in the DNA chain in order to achieve early detection of cancer. We propose to add the gate electrode near the nanopore to effect the surface charge density on the inside wall of the nanopore channel, which maybe slow down the translocation of the bio-molecules. And we would observe the block current changing from the Radial and axial in order to get more details of molecules, which is expected to improve the accuracy of single molecule sensor detection.This project will also focus on the modeling and analysis of the impact between the fludic dynamics and biomolecular transport behaviors in the nanopore channel, which is expected to establish the relationship between biological molecules and the block current. In this project, the multi-technology methdos woud be used to slow down the speed of biological molecules passing through the nanopore and to reduce the influence of the noise, thereby improving detection abilities of the sensor.

纳流体单分子传感器是目前最有可能实现肿瘤标志物分子水平检测的关键技术，进而有望实现肿瘤的早期确诊，为患者生命延续提供更大可能性。本项目拟研制面向肿瘤标志物检测的纳流体单分子传感器，其工作原理是利用辨识生物分子通过纳米孔通道的特征电流信号，发现DNA链上的突变点以实现癌症的早期检测。 本项目提出采用径向、轴向双向电流检测方案及门电极控制纳米孔通道的壁面电荷的纳米孔结构，有望解决纳米孔技术目前的关键问题，提高纳流体单分子传感器检测的精度；本项目还将致力于纳通道内的流变特性与生物分子输运之间的影响的建模与分析工作，从而有望建立生物分子与调制电流关系；同时，本项目还将运用多技术手段降低生物分子的过孔速度和降低噪音信号影响的研究，从而提高纳流体传感器的有效信号的辨识性。

癌症的早期检测对于生命延续的医疗技术具有重要意义。本项目研制面向肿瘤标志物检测的纳流体传感器。项目利用现有的微、纳制造工艺，实现纳流体传感器的跨尺度加工制备，实现了具备双向电极的纳米孔单分子传感器的集成制备；运用多技术手段，以降低生物分子过孔速度和降低噪音信号的影响，提高纳流体单分子传感器的灵敏度，实现纳通道中肿瘤标志物生物分子结构特征电信号有效获取和辨识。同时将建立生物分子在纳通道内输运规律的数学模型, 对电场作用下生物聚合物链在纳米通道的输运行为与纳流体流变行为的影响关系的进行研究。