飞行器地磁匹配导航中磁矢量探测器在线误差校正及指向对准方法研究

Geomagnetic matching navigation is a fully autonomous and powerful anti-jamming navigation method, which requires high accuracy measurement of magnetic field vector.This research will focus on the in-flight error calibration and frame alignment problems of magnetic vector detector in air vehicle geomagnetic matching navigation. As for the calibration model, a more accurate multistep model will be established based considering the internal equivalent parameter of magnetic detector. As for the error parameters estimation algorithm, a double weighted algorithm will be developed with certain confidence level to prior value, and the algorithm need not to satisfy the ellipsoidal constraint as applied in the high dynamic environment. Temperature sensitive parameters will adopt off-line measuring plus in-flight compensation calibration method. In frame alignment problem, combining of geomagnetic matching navigation application requirement, The reference vector will be constructed,and the real time measured magnetic vector will be aligned to the navigation coordinate system for matching. Finally, a globalcalibration and alignment algorithm based on the maximum likelihood criterion will be formed, which co-estimate noise parameters of flight environment and error parameters of calibration model, so as to effectively suppress the correlated noise and large Gauss noise.

地磁匹配导航作为一种全自主、强抗干扰的导航手段，需要极高的地磁场矢量实时测量精度，本项目针对飞行器地磁匹配导航中的磁矢量探测器在线误差校正和指向对准问题开展研究。磁探测器误差校正方面，提出一种基于磁探测器内部电参数等效的多级校正模型，可更为全面地描述磁探测器误差因素；通过具有一定先验参数置信度的双加权误差参数估计方法，在不具备椭球约束条件的动态环境下，实现模型误差参量的有效估计；对所建模型中温度敏感参量，采用“离线测量+在线补偿”的方法进行修正。磁矢量指向对准方面，充分结合地磁匹配导航背景的应用需求，分别在外部导航信息辅助以可用和无外部辅助条件下构造参考指向向量，在几近无外部辅助条件下实现磁测矢量实时对准至导航参考系。最终形成全局“校正+对准”策略，对飞行环境磁噪参数和误差模型参数协同估计，实现对由抖动引入的相关噪声和强高斯噪声的有效抑制。