高储能含金属卟啉单元聚酰亚胺的制备及性能研究

The demand of film capacitors increase rapidly as the development in energy fields.The key of film capacitor development is to explore polymer dielectric materials with high energy-storage density and other excellent comprehensive properties. However, low dielectric constant of polymers has hindered the development of film capacitors. In this project, novel kinds of monomers containing porphyrin units will be designed and synthesized, then the moners complex metal ions, polyimides containing metal porphyrin units will be prepared through low-temperature condensation and heat-imidization, The as-synthesized novel polyimides containing metal porphyrin units are expected to not only possess high dielectric constant as the phthalocyanine copper, but also preserve low dielectric loss, high breakdown strength, excellent mechanical and thermal properties. The effect of conjugate system, unit structure and molecular weight on the performance of polyimides will also be explored, so that the structures of high energy-storage density polymer materials could be designed and tailored randomly, The purpose of this research is in order to meet the urgent demand of high energy-storage density materials in energy field.

随着能源领域的快速发展， 薄膜电容器的需求日益增加，而发展薄膜电容器的关键是研发综合性能优异的高储能密度聚合物介电材料。然而聚合物的低介电常数阻碍了薄膜电容器的发展。本项目拟通过分子设计，合成含卟啉单元新单体，络合金属离子生成金属卟啉单体， 低温缩聚，涂膜，再高温亚胺化，制备含金属卟啉单元聚酰亚胺。期望含金属卟啉单元聚酰亚胺既具有酞菁铜类似的高介电常数，又具有聚酰亚胺的低介电损耗、高击穿强度以及优异的力学及热学性能。探索聚酰亚胺分子共轭体系、单元结构及分子量对聚酰亚胺性能影响，实现对高储能聚合物结构进行分子设计并进行有效控制，从而满足能源领域对高储能聚合物材料的需求。

随着持续增长的能源需求和化石燃料的枯竭，发展高储能材料具有十分重要的意义。高介电电容器,由于其快速充放电能力和超高的储能密度，可广泛用于电子电器领域的储能器件。而发展高储能密度电容器的关键是研发综合性能优异的高储能密度的介电材料。本项目通过分子设计，合成含卟啉单元的芳香二胺，含卟啉单元的芳香二胺与乙酰丙酮锌络合得到含锌卟啉单元的芳香二胺，与芳香四酸二酐反应生成聚酰胺酸预聚体，含锌卟啉单元聚酰胺酸络合物涂膜，再高温亚胺化,制备一系列含锌卟啉单元聚酰亚胺络合物材料，其介电常数高达45.8，介电损耗小于0.12，最高储能密度高达6.9 J/cm3，为普通聚酰亚胺的7倍以上，同时具有优异的热学性能和力学性能。研究具有重要的科学意义以及应用价值。