古代石砌结构中砌块劣化与结构变形的相互作用机制研究

Block deterioration is a key factor affecting the stability of ancient masonry structures, and interacts with structural deformation to further acelerate the degradation of material properties and structural instability. In this project, the stone structure in the ruins of the Hailongtun in Guizhou is taken as the object of study. The indoor accelerated degradation simulation experiment and the rock mechanics experiment are carried out. The key deterioration indexes of the mechanical properties of the block are screened out. By defining the relative time.equivalent, the relationship between the parameters and the rock mechanics parameters and the relative time equivalent were obtained, and the relationships between the mechanical properties of the rock and the time equivalent are obtained. The numerical model of the stone structure of the stone structure is established based on the mechanical parameters of the deteriorated block. Experiments are carried out to validate the numerical model, and the dynamic process of "deterioration (material) → deformation(structure) → further deterioration (material) → ... → instability(structure)" is carried out to analyze the relationship between material deterioration and structural deformation, as well as its mechanism, the attenuation law of ancient stone building stability predicted, and finally a numerical simulation within non-destructive testing of the ancient masonry structure stability of the dynamic evaluation and prediction methods are proposed. The results of this project will provide scientific and theoretical basis for reinforcement of ancient stone buildings, and also provide reference for the protection of other stone cultural relics.

砌块劣化是影响古砌体结构稳定性的关键因素，并与结构变形之间相互作用，进一步加速材料性能的退化与结构的失稳。本项目以贵州海龙屯土司遗址中的石砌结构为研究对象，开展室内加速劣化模拟实验和岩石力学实验，对比筛选出体现砌块力学性能的关键劣化指标，通过定义相对时间当量，分别揭示关键劣化指标与岩石力学性能参数、相对时间当量之间的关系，进而获得岩石力学性能参数与时间当量之间的关系；建立基于劣化砌块力学参数的石砌结构颗粒流数值模型，结合室内模型实验对数值模型进行验证，再现“劣化（材料）→变形（结构）→进一步劣化（材料）→……→失稳（结构）”的动态过程，分析材料劣化与结构变形的相互关系及作用机制，预测古代石砌建筑的稳定性衰减规律，最终提出一种基于数值模拟和无损检测相结合的古砌体结构稳定性动态评价和预测的方法。本项目的研究成果将为古石砌建筑的加固保护提供科学依据和理论基础，也为其它石质文物的保护提供借鉴。

由于岩石材料具有耐候性好，对环境变化不敏感等特点，人类遗存至今的早期建筑多以石质构筑物为主。我国现存大量的石质文物，特别是石质砌体结构，能够得到有效保护的尚属少数。本项目以贵州海龙屯土司遗址中的石砌结构为研究对象，开展室内加速劣化模拟实验和岩石力学实验，对比筛选出体现砌块力学性能的关键劣化指标，通过定义相对时间当量，分别揭示关键劣化指标与岩石力学性能参数、相对时间当量之间的关系，进而获得岩石力学性能参数与时间当量之间的关系；建立典型的砌体结构室内模型，并开展了相关实验与现场监测，分析材料劣化与结构变形的相互关系及作用机制。研究成果为此类砖石质建筑文化遗产的保护提供了理论依据。