巷道冒顶灾变区域钻进预测及稳定性控制

Local disaster of roadway roof has no obvious macroscopic precursors, but has abruptness and instantaneity. Data shows that every seven local roof disasters will lead to one death. The project forecasts and prevention-control the local disaster in roadway roof according to the drilling feedback signal. By exploring the mechanical evolution characteristics while mutations of drilling medium, the transition mechanism of the drilling feedback signal in lesion areas will be revealed; the mathematical model of drilling parameters while the volatility transition occurs will be established; the relationship between drilling transition gradient and engineering geological parameters will be expressed; the internal relation between geometric characteristic parameters of drilling interface and drilling feedback signal will be researched; the attenuation effect degree of drilling interface characteristic parameters on cable anchor supporting intensity will be studied; the mechanism of drilling feedback signal transition’s impact on supporting intensity attenuation will be revealed; the inducement mechanism of local roof engineering disasters by the supporting intensity attenuation in drilling signal transition zone will be explored; the compensation.action to supporting structure by local reinforcement in lesion location will be expressed; the four dimensional form of lesion location will be characterized quantitatively; the risk prevention reinforcing supporting technology system,which is focused on subtle support to the lesion areas will be explored by using ultra-long bolts and alarm cable. These research results will enrich the theoretical system of roof disaster prevention and control.

巷道顶板局部灾变无明显宏观前兆，具有突发性和瞬时性，数据表明每7次顶板局部灾变就会导致1人死亡。本项目基于钻进反馈信号进行顶板局部灾变部位预判及防控。通过探索钻削介质突变时的力学演化特征，揭示易灾变部位的钻进反馈信号波动机理，建立波动跃迁发生时各钻进参量的数学模型，明确钻进跃迁梯度与工程地质参量的关系；探寻钻孔界面几何特征参量与钻进反馈信号的内在关联，研究钻孔界面特征参量对锚杆索支护强度衰减的影响程度，揭示钻进反馈信号跃迁梯度对支护强度衰减的影响机制；探索钻进信号波动区域支护强度衰减对顶板局部工程灾变的诱发机制，明确易灾变部位局部补强对支护结构的补偿作用，标定并定量表征易灾变部位的四维形态，探索利用超长锚杆、破断报警锚索为核心、针对易灾变部位进行加固的防冒补强支护技术体系。研究成果将丰富矿山顶板灾害防控理论体系。

本项目基于钻进反馈信号进行了顶板局部灾变部位预判及防控。通过探索钻削介质突变时的力学演化特征，研究了易灾变部位的钻进反馈信号波动机理及波动跃迁发生时各钻进参量的数学模型；研究了钻孔界面几何特征参量与钻进反馈信号的内在关联及钻孔界面特征参量对不同岩性、不同破碎程度围岩的敏感性响应规律，进而揭示了钻进反馈信号跃迁梯度对不同强度介质的响应机制；研究了基于钻进信息跃迁原理的顶板易灾变部位潜在冒落形态的识别方法，同时基于钻进信号波动区域局部工程灾变的发生机制构建了针对易灾变部位进行加固的防冒补强支护技术体系。.取得如下创新性成果：.① 揭示了顶板易灾变部位塑性区钻进反馈信号形成的力学机制：给出了巷道顶板易灾变部位科学内涵，获得了巷道顶板易灾变部位破坏体形态特征及形成机制，揭示了巷道围岩塑性区形态与围岩结构的内在联系，揭示了巷道顶板钻孔切削块体形成机制及切削力演化规律；.② 建立了钻进反馈信号波动敏感性量化指标体系并揭示了钻进反馈信号对不同强度介质的响应机制：建立了围岩破碎程度量化指标、钻进参量识别破碎岩层敏感性量化指标、钻进参量与破碎岩层量化指标的关系，设计研发出多参数多角度顶板隐患钻进信号响应模拟试验平台，揭示了钻进反馈信号对不同强度介质的响应规律与响应机制；.③ 提出了顶板易灾变部位潜在冒落形态动态识别方法及防冒顶控制方法：提出了基于钻进信息跃迁原理的顶板易灾变部位潜在冒落形态动态识别方法，理论成果应用于现场实践钻进识别了柳湾矿材料巷试验段顶板岩层结构状态及顶板潜在冒落区状态，提出了煤巷顶板易灾变部位稳定性控制方法。.出版专著1部，发表的期刊学术论文被SCI、EI收录7篇，获得授权专利2项，软件著作权3项，获得省部级一等奖1项、二等奖2项、三等奖1项，培养研究生9名。