黄野螟性信息素组分鉴定与信号传导

Chinese eaglewood, Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.)Gilg, is a species of plant in the Thymelaeaceae family. It is endemic to China. This medicinal plant is a source of valuable fragrant wood, formed under a pathological condition, called Chen Xiang or agarwood. Heortia vitessoides is a moth of the Crambidae family. It is found in south-east Asia, including Fiji, Hong Kong, India, Taiwan, Thailand and northern Queensland in Australia. It is a main insect pest and may cause severe damage in Chinese eaglewood plantation in China. There is no study on its reproductive biology and sex pheromone before. This project focuses on the reproductive biology, sex pheromone identification, Mating-induced coding of sex pheromone in male moth. On the basis of understanding the structure and function of the reproductive system, sexual maturation,sex pheromone release, mating behavior, ovulation, sex pheromone.will be identified by the method of GC-EAD, GC-MS and GC×GC/TOFMS analysis. The active compounds will be tested in field to find the suitable ratio with significant attractive to male moth. In order to understand the impulse transmission caused by sex pheromone and the disturbance caused by the single compund of sex pheromone, mating-induced coding of sex pheromone in Individual olfactory receptor neuron (ORN), pheromone-sensitive antennal lobe (AL) neurons, mushroom bodies neurons, protocerebrum neurons and thoracic ganglia neurons will be analysed in male moth by the combine use of SSR, GC-SSR，EAG-SSR and intracellular recordings.

白木香是我国特有的传统名贵天然香料，具有极高的经济价值。黄野螟是白木香的主要害虫，危害严重，以往研究较少。本项目拟开展黄野螟生殖生物学研究，在弄清黄野螟羽化、求偶、交尾和产卵规律的基础上，收集求偶期雌蛾的性信息素，应用GC-EAD、GC-MS以及GC×GC/TOFMS等分析方法对其性信息素组分进行鉴定,并进行室内和野外生物测定，找到具有显著引诱效果的性信息素活性组分适宜配比。在此基础上，配合应用单细胞记录仪（SSR）、EAG-SSR等对性信息素不同组分单体以及混合物在黄野螟雄虫触角神经元、触角叶、大脑中枢以及胸部运动神经节之间的信号传输进行研究，分析单一组分对性信息素诱发的神经信号传导的干扰或增强作用以及对其交配行为的影响。

黄野螟是土沉香的重要害虫。本项目弄清了黄野螟蛹和成虫的雌雄区别特征，观察了黄野螟羽化、求偶和交尾规律等生殖生物学，发现黄野螟在室内交尾率极低。采用扫描电镜观察了黄野螟幼虫和成虫头部感器，研究了黄野螟幼虫对不同抗性土沉香叶片取食选择，筛选了2株具有抗虫性的土沉香单株，测定了两株土沉香对黄野螟抗性，并初步探讨了抗性机制。观察了土壤基质和湿度对黄野螟幼虫化蛹的影响，弄清了黄野螟幼虫化蛹所需适合基质和湿度。应用GC-EAD和GC-MS分析相结合方法对黄野螟雌性信息素粗提物进行分析，发现3种黄野螟性信息素的活性组分，均有明显的EAG反应，但这3种单体及其混合物制成的诱芯都未能在野外诱捕到黄野螟雄成虫，说明黄野螟的性信息素可能还存在其它次要活性组分，尚需进一步鉴定。在黄野螟成虫生物学和性信息素活性组分鉴定的同时，对比进行了4种螟蛾和1种尺蛾成虫生物学和性信息素活性组分的鉴定，弄清了这5种鳞翅目害虫的求偶和交尾规律，鉴定了香梨优斑螟、麻楝蛀斑螟、团花绢螟、绿翅绢野螟和灰茶尺蠖性信息素的主要活性组分，找到了对香梨优斑螟、麻楝蛀斑螟、绿翅绢野螟和灰茶尺蠖雄成虫具有显著引诱作用的配比。对初羽化黄野螟雄成虫和经过性信息素活性组分处理后的黄野螟雄成虫触角转录组进行了初步测定分析，测定了性信息素处理前后雄成虫触角表达谱差异，为研究与性信息素感受有关的分子机制及雄蛾触角叶对信息素的编码机制提供科学依据。