无机物增强、碳源原位碳化固铂提高担载型Pt催化剂稳定性方法及机理研究

In past decades, the proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) with a highly efficient and environmentally clean technology for energy conversion have drawn a lot of attentions. However, their high manufacturing cost and short running life have put a prohibitive restriction on their large-scale commercialization. The short life problem is mainly attributed to the poor stability of electrode material, in which the Pt/C catalyst is the central component, especially in cathode. Therefore this project will be focused on building carbon nanotube with TiO2 or Al2O3 as a nanocapsule, constructing graphene-inorganic oxides compounds, preparing the doped canbon or nitrogen TiO2 or Al2O3 nanotubes with high conductivity as supports to prepare Pt/CNTs-TiO2/Al2O3、Pt/graphene- inorganic oxides、Pt/TiO2-NTs/Al2O3-NTs catalysts. And then on the base of homemade catalysts, the carbon sources will be carbonized in-situ on the surface of the above catalysts to anchor Pt nanoparticles, inhibit their grown during running, and further enhance the stability of Pt catalysts. The DFT quantum mechanics calculation will be employed to theoretically study the interaction between the Pt metal particles and the carbon support substrates, exploring its long-term effect on the stability of supported Pt catalysts. The result of this project will permit the better understanding of the stability improvement mechanism of the Pt/C catalyst, help to establish the more stable catalyst system, promote the large-scale commercialization of PEMFC, and contribute somewhat to the development of the electrochemical catalytic theory.

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)是一种绿色环保能源，然而其商业化仍受成本和寿命制约；其中催化剂运行中性能衰减是制约PEMFC商业化的关键因素之一，阴极催化剂性能衰减尤为严重。本项目拟从构筑碳纳米管与TiO2或Al2O3的纳米微胶囊、构建石墨烯-氧化物复合物、制备掺碳或掺氮的高导电性的TiO2或Al2O3纳米管，以其为载体制备Pt/CNTs-TiO2/Al2O3、Pt/graphene-氧化物、Pt/TiO2-NTs/Al2O3-NTs催化剂开展研究工作；然后拟在上述制备催化剂的基础上利用原位碳源碳化固Pt的方法，抑制Pt颗粒在PEMFC运行过程中性能衰减，提高催化剂的稳定性；最后结合量子化学计算，揭示各种无机物及碳材料对催化剂稳定性提高机制。本项目的实施将会促进催化剂发展过程中理论与实际相结合，为高稳定性担载型Pt催化剂在PEMFC的应用打下坚实基础，对电化学催化理论发展具有重要意义。

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)是一种绿色环保能源，然而其商业化仍受成本和寿命制约；其中催化剂运行中性能衰减是制约PEMFC商业化的关键因素之一，阴极催化剂性能衰减尤为严重。本项目构筑了碳纳米管与TiO2或Al2O3的纳米微胶囊、构建石墨烯-氧化物复合物、制备掺碳或掺氮的高导电性的TiO2或Al2O3纳米管，以其为载体制备出高性能的Pt/CNTs-TiO2/Al2O3、Pt/graphene-氧化物、Pt/TiO2-NTs/Al2O3-NTs催化剂，揭示了无机物与贵金属之间的强相互作用是催化剂性能提高的重要原因；详细研究了了原位固铂技术，使普通催化剂通过该技术处理后稳定性大幅提升；然后在上述制备催化剂的基础上利用原位碳源碳化及葡萄糖水热碳化固Pt的方法，抑制了Pt颗粒在PEMFC运行过程中的性能衰减，提高催化剂的稳定性；本项目的实施促进了对燃料电池以及催化剂衰减机理的理解，寻找到了提高催化剂稳定性的新材料和新方法，促进了燃料电池的研究和开发；对于电化学催化理论的发展具有一定的指导意义。截止目前，在国家基金的资助下，共发表核心以上科研论文45篇，其中SCI收录论文39篇，录用7篇，所发表SCI论文目前他引206次。获得国家发明专利8项。