AAO+BCO双污泥反硝化除磷系统的性能与种群优化及其过程控制

The problems of water eutrophication caused by phosphorus and nitrogen has been a main environmental issue，traditional process employed in the Present WWTPs has many problems such as SRT between PAOs and nitrifying bacteria, carbon source competition between PAOs and denitrifying bacteria, resulting in the low efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal . To solve the above-mentioned problem, We firstly put forward the AAO+BCO（anaerobic/anoxic/oxic+biological contact oxidation）two sludge denitrifying phosphorus removal process enriched with DPAOs, which not only could performed denitrification and phosphorus removal simultaneously in the same anoxic environment by the means of one carbon for two uses, but carbon resource, aeration energy and sludge production are reduced.. We firstly put forward the AAO+BCO process based on the AAO+BAF process which we have obtained lots of achievement during the past 8 years. The focus and innovation of this new program is: to improve ratio of the anoxic denitrifying phosphorus removal from 80 to 90% based on the microbial community optimization strategy; to enrich AOB of the BCO system with FNA inhabitation and real-time control, firstly achieving short-cut nitrification in the bio-film system in the world. Finally，we establish a stable nitritation-denitrifying phosphorus removal system based on the above study, and then will be verified by simulate the dynamic change of the inflow variation.

氮磷引起的水体富营养化是当前最主要的环境问题之一，而传统脱氮除磷工艺存在硝化菌和聚磷菌的污泥龄矛盾、反硝化菌和聚磷菌的碳源竞争，严重影响脱氮除磷效率。本项目首次提出的AAO+BCO双污泥反硝化除磷工艺，不仅能够完全解决污泥龄的矛盾问题，还可以高度富集反硝化聚磷菌，以一碳两用的方式，来达到提高同步脱氮除磷效率，节省碳源，减少曝气量和剩余污泥量的目的。.本项目在长达8年的AAO+BAF系统的研究基础上，将本工艺的研究重点和创新集中在：应用本课题组己建立的种群优化理论和方法，在AAO中将反硝化除磷率从AAO+BAF中已实现的80%提高到90%，强化一碳两用；在BCO中通过FNA抑菌效应和实时控制，来提高短程硝化菌富集率，有望突破国内外生物膜系统实现短程硝化的难题；在此基础上，建立稳定实现AAO+BCO系统短程硝化反硝化除磷的过程控制策略，并在模拟非稳态进水的条件下，对本系统进行试验验证。

随着社会经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高，氮、磷过量排放带来的水体富营养化问题不仅未得到解决，而且有日趋严重的趋势，因此，脱氮除磷已成为当今污水处理领域的重大课题。为解决传统脱氮除磷工艺中存在的污泥龄矛盾、碳源不足、脱氮除磷效率低等问题，本项目开发了AAO+BCO双污泥反硝化除磷工艺，并对其反硝化除磷性能、过程控制策略、种群结构等内容进行了探究。研究结果表明，系统在BCO单元挂膜完成的基础上，采用连续进水的运行方式，在21天内完成启动过程，基于DO、pH和ORP等实时控制参数的联合调控促进了AAO+BCO系统的快速启动和稳定运行；通过水力停留时间，硝化液回流比、容积分配比等工艺参数的优化，DPAOs的百分比含量从接种污泥时的0.37%增加到24.88%，菌群结构的变化促进了微生物代谢活性的增强以及反硝化除磷性能的强化；通过确立适宜的厌氧/缺氧反应时间、不同电子受体浓度、外加碳源类型等因素，强化了污泥的反硝化除磷性能及内碳源的利用效率；项目还通过批次试验验证了饥饿联合FNA处理、以及不同DO浓度实现短程硝化的可行性，同时完成了AAO+BCO系统在进水水质变化情况下的优化与控制，建立了系统对非稳态负荷冲击的响应机制。