组网雷达系统认知目标跟踪方法研究

How to effectively detect and track the target in netted radar system is one of the most important topics to be analyzed in modern air defense and early warning system. The traditional tracking methods in netted radar system adopt an open-loop scheme which only relies on the receiver's adaptive processing framework to enhance the detection and tracking performance, without using the prior knowledge about target and surrounding environment. However, as the battle field situation becoming more and more complicated, the traditional tracking methods cannot track the target well. Therefore, taking the advantage of the closed-loop cognitive probing concept, we will focus on the method of target tracking in netted radar system in this project, with the consideration of the following aspects: derive a practical cognitive system error registration method; explore the joint detection and tracking processing problem, and develop a cognitive detection scheme with constant false alarm property; reveal the mechanism of the cognitive probing strategy in order to optimally allocate the limited system resource. Integrating the advantages of the cognitive concept and the radar networking technique into a coherent framework, this project will enhance the detection capability of the radar network, expand the detection range, increase the resource utilization efficiency of the radar system, and improve the target tracking accuracy. Finally, we hope to provide basic theories and key technologies for the development of the netted radar detection system.

如何有效利用组网雷达对目标进行检测和跟踪是现代防空预警探测系统亟待研究的重要课题。现有组网雷达目标跟踪方法采取开环的信息处理方式，没有反馈和利用系统已获取的目标和环境信息，仅靠接收端的自适应处理来提升目标的检测和跟踪性能。面对日益复杂的战场环境，现有方法已难以获得理想的目标跟踪效果。因此，本项目拟结合认知闭环探测思想，开展组网雷达认知目标跟踪方法的研究，从理论上推导具有较高实用价值的系统误差认知配准方法；探索组网雷达检测跟踪一体化问题，提出具有恒虚警性质的认知目标检测方法；揭示组网雷达认知发射机理，实现其有限发射资源的合理分配。在充分发挥认知探测技术和雷达组网技术各自优点的基础上，本项目研究有望进一步提高组网雷达对低可观测目标的探测能力，推远雷达的探测距离，改善系统资源的利用效率，提升目标的跟踪精度，为组网雷达探测系统的发展提供基础理论和关键技术支撑。

传统组网雷达目标跟踪方法通常是开环的，没有反馈和利用系统已获取的目标和环境信息，难以获得理想的目标跟踪效果。本项目结合认知闭环探测思想，开展了组网雷达认知目标跟踪方法的研究，主要包括组网雷达认知配准、认知检测和认知发射三部分内容，实现了对系统所获先验信息的充分利用。标志性成果有：1）以公共观测区域内平稳飞行目标为基准，基于半正定优化提出了组网雷达系统误差校正建模与求解方法，为多雷达数据共享与利用奠定了基础；2）基于跟踪器反馈至各部雷达的目标先验信息，提出了具有恒虚警性质的目标检测跟踪一体化方法，有效提升了杂波背景下的目标的检测与跟踪能力；3）面向异步目标以及密集目标跟踪任务，提出了目标特性在线感知，系统资源动态分配的认知发射方法，有效提升了系统有限资源的利用效率。