面向乳腺癌早期诊断的多光谱超声调制光学成像研究

Breast cancer is a malignant disease, and the prognosis of breast cancer is better the earlier the cancer is detected. So it is important significance and application for early breast cancer diagnosis. With high spatial resolution of ultrasonic location and high sensitivity of optical detection, ultrasound-modulated optical tomography is a promising noninvasive biological tissue imaging technology. A new method of multispectral ultrasound-modulated optical tomography combining spectroscopy technology with ultrasound-modulated optical tomography is proposed to diagnose early breast cancer. On the basis of researching the ultrasonic modulation mechanism of scattering light in tissue and improving the signal to noise ratio and sensitivity of the acousto-optical imaging system, the ultrasound-modulated multi-spectral signal of breast tumor was obtained by using the ultrasound-modulated optical tomography to locate the spectral signal. Both the two-dimensional structural image of large size, good spatial resolution, and high sensitivity of breast tumor phantom and the function image including hemoglobin concentration and blood oxygen saturation information are achieved at the same time. The multi-parameter imaging of the same imaging area was realized, and providing more information to diagnose accurately early breast cancer.

乳腺癌是一种早期治愈率高的肿瘤疾病，开展乳腺癌的早期无损诊断研究具有重要的意义与应用价值。超声调制光学成像同时具有超声成像的高空间分辨率和光学成像的高灵敏度的优点，是一种有前途的无损的医学成像技术。本项目将光谱技术与超声调制光学成像技术相结合，提出一种可用于乳腺癌早期诊断的多光谱超声调制光学成像新方法。在探索生物组织中散射光的超声调制机制，提高成像系统信噪比和灵敏度的基础上，利用超声调制光学成像术定位光谱信号,获得乳腺肿瘤的超声调制多光谱信号。在获得大尺寸、高空间分辨率和高灵敏度的乳腺肿瘤仿体的二维结构图的同时又获得能体现其血红蛋白浓度和血氧饱和度的功能成像，实现同一成像区域多参数成像，为乳腺癌的早期诊断提供更丰富、更准确的信息依据。

乳腺癌是一种早期治愈率高的肿瘤疾病，开展乳腺癌的早期无损诊断具有重要的研究意义与应用价值。超声调制光学成像同时具有超声成像的高空间分辨率和光学成像的高灵敏度的优点，是一种有前途的无损的医学成像技术。本项目采用有限元模拟的方法揭示生物组织中声光作用机制并获得声光信号在单层和多层组织中的传播规律，为超声调制光学成像术最终进行数据处理和图像重建提供原理性依据。利用锁相放大器结合光阑选择性地探测声光信号，通过分析不同频率超声调制光信号的频谱图像，选择合适的超声探头提高超声调制光学成像的信噪比和灵敏度。开发了双波长超声调制光学成像系统，获得不同波长入射光的声光信号与介质散射系数和吸收系数的关系，对乳腺肿瘤模拟样品进行超声调制光学成像，为乳腺癌早期发现和诊断提供必要的实验基础。