纳米氧化铝促海洋枯草芽孢杆菌抗菌物质合成机理研究

Nanotechnology has been widely used in the field of microbiology due to its bacteriostatic ability, bactericidal ability and biological compatibility. However, there were few reports about the usage of nanotechnology in the metabolic regulation of microorganism. Especially, there was no report about how to improve the secondary metabolite biosynthesis by using nanotechnology. Understanding the mechanism how nanoparticles effect on the secondary mechanism play an important role in the application of nanotechnology in the field of microbiology. As a result, in our subject, taking the marine Bacillus subtilis as an example, we will elucidate the possible mechanism how alumina nanoparticles induce the biosynthesis of antimicrobial substances in Bacillus subtilis. The optimization of inducing conditions of alumina nanoparticles will be studied, and then we will do the quantitative analysis of the change of lipopeptid antibacterial substances by HPLC. The Bacillus subtilis physiological and biochemical effects and cell morphology changes induced by alumina nanoparticles will be investigated. Then we will speculate the relationship between the phenotypes and the antibacterial substances synthesis. Meanwhile, the effects of alumina nanoparticles on the potential genes which are related to the synthesis of antibacterial materials by the application of transcripitome will be analyzed. Furthermore, real-time PCR and gene knockout technology will be used to deduce the function of the key genes. This study would be helpful to explore a novel mechanism of biosynthesis of antimicrobial substances in Bacillus subtilis.

纳米技术在微生物领域的相关应用研究已经取得许多进展，但对微生物的次级代谢调控的研究尚未见报道。本实验室在近期的研究中发现，纳米材料可促进微生物次级代谢产物的生物合成。了解纳米材料对次级代谢产物的调控机制对扩展纳米技术在微生物领域的应用有重要作用。本项目以纳米氧化铝为实验材料促进海洋枯草芽孢杆菌抗菌物质合成的现象出发，以芽孢杆菌脂肽类抗菌物质含量的变化为检测指标探究其可能的诱导调控机制；考察纳米氧化铝对枯草芽孢杆菌生理生化及细胞形态的影响，推测其与抗菌物质合成调控的联系；通过转录组分析深入探讨纳米氧化铝对海洋枯草芽孢杆菌基因转录的影响，筛选抗菌物质合成及调控的关键基因，并利用荧光定量PCR及基因敲除技术进行相关验证。该研究将为开启纳米技术在改良微生物次级代谢调控中的应用打下基础，同时也有助于阐述芽孢杆菌抗菌物质合成调控的新机制。