汶川地震灾区克山病大骨节病病区异地重建人群发病的生态比较研究

The region severely affected by the earthquake in Wenchuan is overlapped with the historically severe Keshan disease(KSD) and Kashin-Beck disease(KBD) areas. Because KSD and KBD's etiology is unknown and lack of primary prevention, whether or not both the sudden occurred earthquake and off-site reconstruction villages later of KSD and KBD areas have been broken gradually stable state for their epidemic is worth to investigate in depth. Theoretically, immigrants are easier to suffer local endemic diseases. The off-site rebuilding villages of KSD and KBD areas are primarily corresponding to this theory. Researches after the earthquake illustrated an increasing rate of KSD and KBD among cases from population of off-site rebuilding villdges. Therefore, according to the concept of disaster epidemiology,stratified sampling are used to investigate characteristics of time-spatial distribution of off-site rebuilding and in-situ settlements,along with KSD,KBD detection rate,risk factors.A comparative study will be made of risks of KSD and KBD in off-site rebuilding region which is due to the influence of earthquake; to conduct and provide epidemiological evidence and clues for prevention guidelines and etilogical researches of KSD and KBD.

汶川地震重灾区与甘肃省克山病、大骨节病历史重病区交叉重叠。由于克山病、大骨节病是二种病因至今未明又缺乏针对病因采取的一级预防措施的地方病，那么地震的突然发生与克山病、大骨节病病区的异地重建是否可能打破已趋于稳态的克山病、大骨节病流行条件是值得研究的问题。在理论上有外来移民进入地方病病区更易患当地流行的地方病的现象，且地震灾区的克山病、大骨节病病区异地重建基本符合这一现象；震后在有关的调查中发现灾区克山病、大骨节病病情有一定的反弹，且部分病情来自异地重建村的人群。据此，依据灾害流行病学理念，采用分层整群抽样法，开展异地重建与原址的时空分布特征及病情、危险因素的综合调查，比较分析灾区克山病、大骨节病病区异地重建村中克山病、大骨节病流行风险，为制定类似情况下的克山病、大骨节病防治策略和病因研究提供流行病学依据和线索。