大π共轭体系荧光探针用于海洋单细胞藻类中重金属离子生理作用机制研究

It's one of the key factors to study the heavy metal ions' physiological role in marine unicell algae for the antifouling of marine microalgae, for the biological treatment of heavy metal pollution, and for the prevention of red tide. But the current research methods are still in its initial stage. Accurate and reliable new test analysis techniques need to be established quickly. To resolve the interference problem of the coexisting ions in marine water and in algae cells, and to resolve the drawbacks of current fluorescent molecular probes, we synthesized a series of new structure adjustable methylene imidazolidinone derivatives in which the conjugated chromophore groups were introduced to enhance the fluorescent properties, the nitrogen containing groups were introduced to improve the selectivity. Additionally, sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid and quaternary ammonium groups with different charge properties were also functionalized onto the derivatives to improve the water solubility and cell affinity. A new type of fluorescent molecular probes will be obtained eventually which are sensitive to fluorescence corresponding and suitable for algae cell imaging study. The distribution of different heavy metals, as well as their physiological mechanism in cells will be explored through the confocal imaging experiment with labeled algae cells. High resolution transmission electron microscopy observation and photoelectron spectroscopy are also utilized in this study. The project has guiding significances to the design of new type of fluorescent molecular probes, to the development of new marine antifoulants, to the prevention of marine red tide, as well as to the biological treatment of heavy metal pollution.

重金属离子对海洋单细胞藻类的生理作用机制研究是解决海洋微生物有害附着、海水重金属污染生物治理和赤潮防治问题的关键，而目前的相关研究还处于初级阶段，急需建立准确可靠的新型检测分析技术。为解决海水和细胞内共存离子的干扰问题及已有探针分子的弊端，本项目选取结构灵活可调的亚甲基咪唑啉酮衍生物为目标分子，通过引入共轭发色基团来提高分子的荧光性能，引入含氮基团来提高金属离子选择性，并以磺酸、羧酸和季铵盐等不同电荷性的亲水基团进行修饰，期望改善配体的水溶性和细胞亲和性，最终得到荧光响应灵敏、适合于海藻细胞成像研究的新型荧光分子探针。以经过标记的单细胞海藻进行共聚焦成像实验，结合高分辨透射电镜和光电子能谱检测结果，监测不同重金属离子在海藻细胞中的分布情况，探索重金属离子对海藻的生理作用机制。本项目将为新型荧光分子传感器的设计提供思路，对海洋防污剂的研制、赤潮的防治和海洋重金属污染的生物治理都具有指导意义。

重金属离子对海洋单细胞藻类的生理作用机制研究是解决海洋微生物有害附着、海水重金属污染生物治理和赤潮防治问题的关键，而目前的相关研究还处于初级阶段，急需建立准确可靠的新型检测分析技术。. 研究中首先设计并合成了几类亚甲基咪唑啉酮类荧光分子，通过红外、核磁和荧光光谱对其进行了表征。接下来对配体的金属离子选择性进行了测试，发现该类配体对不同的金属离子如锌、铁等具有良好的选择识别性能，初步进行了微生物膜中锌离子和铁离子检测，取得了预期效果。. 本项目将为新型荧光分子传感器的设计提供思路，对海洋防污剂的研制、赤潮的防治和海洋重金属污染的生物治理都具有指导意义。