非平衡态下多组分熔渣反应过程中的界面化学冶金行为

Chemical reactions occurring in multi-component molten slag/metal/gas interface influence the numerous physical-chemical performances of metallurgical products. The related basic theory becomes a research focus at home and abroad. However, for the most reactions occurring in non-equilibrium state, the couple effect of different flux in reaction process need to be considered. Scholars at home and abroad have not yet to make a deep research. In this project, interfacial reaction experiments of different component slag will be carried out. The internal relation between phase structure and reaction behavior will be analyzed. Combined with the interface property among different kinds of multi-component slag and reaction process between slag and second phase, the synergistic effect mechanism of interfacial reaction such as melting, wetting, infiltration, erosion and interfacial energy change can be clarified. The common principle and essence of interfacial reaction under high temperature will be revealed. Base on the theory of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, the kinetics parameters such as the rate constant of interfacial chemical reaction, transmission coefficient (self-phenomenological coefficient) and mutual-phenomenological coefficient will be determined. The reaction kinetics mechanism of multi- component slag in non-equilibrium will be clarified, which could also further enrich the research theory of metallurgical reaction engineering.

多组分熔渣-金属熔体-气相界面的化学冶金反应行为影响冶金产品的诸多物理化学性能，其相关基础理论是国内外研究的热点。但多数反应体系发生在非平衡状态，需要考虑反应过程中不同通量耦合的影响，国内外学者尚未对此开展深入研究。本课题拟通过开展不同组分熔渣间的界面反应实验，分析熔渣物相结构与反应行为的内在关系，结合不同种类多组分熔渣间，以及熔渣与第二相反应过程中的界面行为，阐释熔渣界面间的熔化、润湿、渗透、侵蚀、界面能变化等相关反应机制与协同作用机理，揭示高温下熔渣在界面反应过程中的共性原理及本质；以非平衡态热力学理论为基础，确定熔渣界面化学反应速率常数、质量传输系数（自唯象系数）、互唯象系数等动力学参数，明晰多组分熔渣非平衡反应动力学机理，进一步丰富冶金反应工程学的研究理论。

钢铁冶炼生产过程中时刻存在着熔渣与钢水、熔渣与耐火材料以及熔渣与钢中夹杂物等多相界面反应，而这些多相界面反应是在非平衡态下进行的，因此弄清非平衡态下熔渣-耐材-钢水等多相界面反应特性对实现低耗、高效和绿色冶炼生产至关重要。本项目着重研究了熔渣组分变化时炉渣微观结构的演变规律，确定了碱度、镁铝比以及氧化铝含量的变化对高炉渣结构和性能的影响。计算了不同组分转炉渣与MgO-C耐火材料间的界面张力，揭示不同组分的转炉渣与MgO-C耐材润湿、渗透及侵蚀机制，并考察了不同碱度和不同MgO含量的转炉渣与MgO-C耐火材料间的界面反应特性，从而为转炉冶炼生产提供一定的理论指导。此外，项目还研究了界面电场作用下熔渣/冶金耐火耐材、钢液/耐火耐材以及钢液/熔渣（非金属夹杂物）两相界面反应特性，阐明了电场作用下熔渣、钢水对耐火材料的侵蚀机理。基于以上对非平衡态下多相界面反应的研究结果，可为钢铁冶炼生产过程中熔渣合理使用提供理论依据，亦丰富了熔渣、钢水对耐火材料的侵蚀基础理论。