离子液体功能化氧化石墨烯基复合阴离子交换膜的构建及其性能研究

In view of the significant demands of fuel cells in energy, environment, industry and other fields as well as the insufficient ionic conductivity or/and dimensional and alkaline stability in the existing anion exchange membranes for fuel cells, a series of ionic liquid functionalized graphene oxide-based composite membranes will be designed for the preparation of anion exchange membranes. The ionic liquid functionalized graphene oxide (IL-GO) with excellent characteristics in hydroxide conductivity and stability would be synthesized by an epoxide ring-opening reaction between GO and imidazolium-type alkyl chain-containing ionic liquid. Then, the IL-GO would be blended with poly(phenylene oxide) in solution to fabricate the IL-GO-based composite anion exchange membranes. .In this project, we will focus on the following points: the synthesis of IL-GO with high grafting ratio of ionic liquid, good dispersibility and stability; the investigation on the effects of the IL-GO content and cross-linking degree on the preparation, structure and properties of the composite anion exchange membranes; the study on the transport mechanism of the hydroxide ions, structure–property relationship of the composite anion exchange membranes, and the construction of the key structure models of the anion exchange membranes with excellent performances. This work will provide theoretical basis and practical experience for the preparation of high performance anion exchange membrane, and contribute significantly to the basic research and application of membrane materials for fuel cells. Thus it has great practical values and scientific significances.

鉴于能源、环境和工业等领域对燃料电池的重大需求，申请人提出利用离子液体功能化氧化石墨烯(IL-GO)来构建高性能阴离子交换膜的新思路，旨在解决目前燃料电池用阴离子交换膜普遍存在OH-离子电导率低、尺寸稳定性和化学稳定性差等问题。本项目拟通过对氧化石墨烯进行化学修饰接枝含烷基链的咪唑型离子液体，获得OH-离子传递能力高、稳定性良好的IL-GO，并将其与聚苯醚复合，制备综合性能优异的IL-GO基复合阴离子交换膜。项目重点开展以下工作：制备离子液体接枝率高、稳定性及分散性良好的IL-GO，系统研究IL-GO添加量、膜交联度等因素对复合膜的成膜机制、结构和性能的影响规律，探究复合膜的OH-离子传递机理和构−效关系，构建综合性能优异的阴离子交换膜关键结构模型。项目研究成果为制备高性能阴离子交换膜提供理论依据和实践经验，将促进和提高我国燃料电池用膜材料的基础研究和应用水平，具有重要实用价值和科学意义。

碱性阴离子交换膜燃料电池 (Alkaline Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, AAEMFCs) 因为具备燃料渗透率低、可使用非贵金属作为催化剂、反应动力学更快且对环境友好等优点而引起了广泛关注和研究。然而作为AAEMFCs的核心部件，阴离子交换膜 (AEMs)目前仍然有几大问题亟需解决：电低导率、抗溶胀性和耐碱性差。为了解决这些问题，本项目开展了系列研究，制备了多种类型的燃料电池用阴离子交换膜。具体包括：从分子设计出发，制备了一系列含芴嵌段聚芳醚砜腈阴离子交换膜(ImFPESN-m/n)和梳形芴基聚芳醚砜腈阴离子交换膜(CFPESN-x)。研究了膜的化学组成、表面和内部形态结构与膜的OH−离子电导率和稳定性等性能的影响规律，建立了膜组成、微观结构与性能三者之间的内在联系，并构建了综合性能优异的阴离子交换膜的关键结构模型。项目开展三年来，在本领域公认的高水平期刊上发表SCI论文5篇，申请发明专利5项。