中国间座壳科属、种分类及分子系统学研究

Diaporthaceae is one of the most important group of ascomycetes, species in the family have important values in taxonomy, ecology and economy. However, these fungi are still mostly unknown and unexplored in China, definiting genus and species depend on single factor, lacking of unified classification standard and classification framework. And its genus and species classification are in a mess. In this project, with the aid of morphology, ecology, biology, and multi-gene phylogeny analysis, carry out taxonomy and systematics of genus and species. 1) With the aid of traditional morphological classification technology, ascertaining the species diversity of Diaporthaceae in China; 2) Through sequence comparison of LSU and SSU, exploring the phylogenetic relationships, definiting genus division standard and classification framework, clarifying the relationship among different genera; 3) Through the morphology, biology and single-gene or multi-gene systematics analysis based on ITS, CAL, RPB2, TEF and TUB sequences, analyzing phylogenetic relationship of genera and species, perfecting or reappraisal classification criteria and classification framework, establishing more close to natural classification system, correcting several difficulties or approximate species classification status. Prospective study will provide important technical information and reference for further research on ascomycetes fungus classification system and valuable academic and theoretical contribution for fungal classification system.

间座壳科属、种为重要子囊菌类群，具重要的分类学、生态学及经济学意义。我国该类属、种资源认识和挖掘较为贫乏，属、种界定因子单一，缺乏统一的分类标准和分类框架，其属级及属下分类单位一直处于混乱的局面。本项目拟借助形态学、生态学、生物学及多基因系统学分析，深入开展科下属、种系统分类研究：1）借助传统形态分类技术，探明我国境内间座壳科属、种资源多样性；2）通过LSU、SSU序列比较，探索属间系统发育关系，界定属级划分标准和分类框架，澄清属级分类的混乱；3）通过ITS、CAL、RPB2、TEF和TUB单基因或多基因序列分析，结合不同基质种菌形态学及生物学特征，分析属、种系统发育关系，完善或重新评价种级分类标准与分类框架，建立属、种更贴近自然的分类系统，订正若干疑难种或近似种的分类地位。预期研究将为深入开展子囊菌真菌系统分类研究提供重要技术资料与借鉴，为真菌系统分类研究做出有价值的学术与理论贡献。

本项目圆满完成了预定目标，取得了系列创新性成果：1）充分挖掘了我国不同生态区域间座壳科真菌属、种资源，丰富了世界间座壳科真菌多样性的内容；2）系统开展了间座壳科分类研究，正确鉴定间座壳科及相关科物种106个，其中新种34个；3）综合分析间座壳科属、种形态学、生态学、生物学及分子系统学特征，建立适宜属、种更贴近自然的分类系统，重新评价属、种分类框架与划分标准，澄清疑难属、种分类的混乱，正确鉴定疑难属、种的分类地位，为深入开展核菌类真菌系统分类研究提供理论借鉴；4）相关研究结果投稿论文7篇，已发表5篇，审稿中2篇，培养多名熟练掌握真菌系统分类专业知识的博士和硕士研究生。