黑潮入侵东海陆架区热输运特征及其动力机制研究

The upper ocean heat budgets play an important role in the globle climate sysyterm, and has increasingly been a hotspot in the oceean research.As a strong western boundary current flowing through the East China Sea (ECS) continental shelf,the Kuroshio almost controls the distributions and structure of the circulation, temperature and salinity in the East China Sea.In this project, the ocean dynamical processes including the circulation in the ECS shelf, Kuroshio and its intrusion ,mesoscale eddy etc. will be investigated based on all kinds of the observation data. The seasonal and interannual variations of the heat transports related to the dynamical adjustment of Kuroshio instrusion will be investigated. Based on the satellite altimeter data and the simulation results from the high resolution ocean dynamic model, we will study the action of the mesoscale processes in the heat exchange between the Kuroshio and the continental shelf water. The response of the sea temperature abnormal in the shallow sea to the variation of heat transports by the Kuroshio will be investigated. All these studies will improve the understanding to the temporal and spatial charateristices of the sea temperature in the China coastal sea, and provide a scientific basis for improving the prediction of the regional environment change.

上层海洋热收支在全球气候变化系统中起着重要作用，是目前国际研究的热点问题之一。东海黑潮是中国近海重要的动力驱动因素，对我国近海温、盐及环流分布起着至关重要的作用。本项目拟结合历史观测资料，针对东中国海陆架环流、东海黑潮及其入侵、中尺度过程等海洋环境动力特点，研究黑潮入侵东海陆架区热输运的季节和年际变化规律，分析其动力调整作用。结合卫星高度计数据和高分辨率海洋动力数值模式模拟结果，明确中尺度过程在陆架和黑潮间热交换的作用，揭示近海温度异常变化以东海黑潮热输运变化的响应特征。促进对我国近海海温时空结构特征的了解，为提高区域环境预报预测水平提供科学依据。

海洋中的热平衡问题在全球海-气相互作用系统中起着重要作用，认识强西边界流-黑潮对我国近海水动力和热力环境的影响，将促进对我国近海水文结构特征和环流变化规律的深入了解，为提高我国近海区域海洋环境预报预测提供科学依据。基于历史数据和现场观测数据，完善和发展了东中国海长周期高分辨率海洋动力数值模型，较好地模拟了黑潮区的物理场结构。基于数值模拟结果，分析东海黑潮的流量和热输运具有显著的季节变化特征，夏季最高，春秋次之，冬季最低。东海黑潮向陆架入侵过程中跨三条不同深度等深线的流场垂向结构，解释了不同等深线上的水平体积输运动力结构在垂向有着不同的分层特征，表层跨等深线的体积输运的季节变化较大，且方向一致，而底层多个断面显示全年向岸输运。Ekman输运、密度差导致的浮力效应、长江径流等过程对不同深度的输运贡献不同。东中国海及黑潮海域海平面高度具有显著的季节变化，冬春季海平面较低，夏秋季较高，且陆架浅海向黑潮区及外大洋逐渐升高。海平面高度呈线性升高的趋势，EOF分析三个主要模态依次反映了海水温度比容效应的季节变化、水动力过程的季节变化和ENSO事件的年际变化对中国海海平面高度的影响。