耵聍中滥用药物和酒精生物学标志物的分布和代谢机制研究

In the past two years, ear wax is being tested as alternative specimen for screening of medicines and abused drugs, and for searching biomarkers of specific diseases, because it can be collected easily and non-invasive from subjects. Although the scientific literatures dealing with ear wax as analytical specimen is still of the very limited number, their value of application and importance as analytical target are thought to get gradually higher in various areas including forensic toxicology, clinical diagnosis, labor health and welfare due to above reasons. .However, as for ear wax as analytical specimen, its detection time window of various target compounds, distribution of involved drugs and the metabolites, and its correlations among other specimens such as hair were still not so clear today.. Therefore, further researches on such parameters as mentioned above should be needed for its application to actual monitoring and screening in various areas. .In this study, for establishing application to forensic toxicological area, aims of research are as described below; first, searching and estimating factors which influence distribution of involved compounds and biomarker (ex, representative abused drugs and alcohol) between ear wax and other specimens in humans. Second, along with first aim, analyzing and clarifying correlations and distribution of involved compounds, including alcohol and representative abused drugs, and their metabolites between ear wax and other specimens such as hair. Finally, through accumulating data on various parameters and information on distribution and metabolism of tested compounds in authentic human subject, we aim to build basis for application of ear wax as newly alternative human sample for drug detecting and screening in forensic toxicology.

近两年，耵聍作为替代检材在检测和筛查临床药物、滥用药物以及特定疾病的生物学标志物等领域中被研究报道。目前，以耵聍为分析标本的科学文献数量非常有限，但因其具有易采集、无创伤等特点，在法医毒理学、临床诊断、劳动卫生等领域拥有非常高的应用价值和分析意义。然而，耵聍作为分析检材，其各种目标化合物的检测窗口时间、药物及代谢物的分布与其他标本如头发之间的相关性尚无明确的依据，也鲜有研究文献和检测报告等。针对这一情况，本课题组以建立耵聍在法医毒理学领域的应用依据为最终目标，主要探索和分析以下几点：首先，探索人类耵聍与其他检材中影响化合物以及生物学标志物（代表性滥用药物和酒精）分布和代谢因素。其次，检测和分析目的化合物在耵聍和头发中的分布和代谢情况以及两者的相关性。最后通过分析和总结化合物的各种参数、受试者耵聍中测试化合物的分布和代谢数据等，为耵聍作为法医毒理学新型替代检材提供科学依据。

本项目拟研究对常见毒品在不同类型耵聍中的分布和代谢机制以及与头发之间的相关性和酒精生物学标志物乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷（EtG）和棕榈酸乙酯（E16:0）.在不同类型耵聍中的分布和代谢机制以及与头发之间的相关性研究。本项目在研究过程中成功绘制了标准曲线，但因检出限过高，仪器灵敏度差无法从耵聍检出乙基葡萄糖醛酸苷（EtG）和棕榈酸乙酯（E16:0），同时疫情影响下，耵聍检材收集困难，项目转向前处理方法研究，在此过程中发表了多篇SCI和新颖的前处理方法并培养了3名在校硕士研究生，此外在2022年底，有学者报道耵聍作为替代检材具有可行性的论文，表明本项目具有着巨大的潜力，因此本项目将会利用结余资金继续完善对耵聍在法医毒物分析领域的研究。