森林流域生态系统尺度、格局及过程的综合研究

The crossing and combining of researches between freshwater ecosystem and terrestrial ecosystem has become a new hotspot of ecosystem research at present. Riparian zone, a kind of expression form of freshwater and terrestrial ecotone landscape, is the migrating channel of many species and connects freshwater ecosystem to terrestrial ecosystem as the corridor of landscape. Riparian and its vegetation have many important aesthetic and social-economic functions as well as ecological functions such as protecting soil-water, conserving stream water quality, and promoting biodiversity conservation. Research of riparian and its vegetation pattern is an optimum tact for the connection of forest ecosystem with stream ecosystem.Songhua River, one of the most important rivers in northeast China, has very important effect on keeping ecological balance, promoting economic development and social stabilization. Erdaobaihe River is located in the up-stream of Songhua River. Taking the riparian of the upper Erdaobaihe river catchment in Changbai Mountain as the research object, using field investigation and multivariate analysis methods synthetically of riparian community with the change of elevation gradient and the perpendicular of the river course direction, respectively, the storage of in-stream fallen woods and riparian width were carried out in this dissertation. The aims were to make known the influence mechanism of stream and its wet environment on riparian vegetation distribution pattern and the special function of riparian zone on biodiversity conservation, to provide references for understanding the interaction between forest ecosystem and stream ecosystem, strengthening the natural conservation in Changbai Mountain.The conclusions were as follows:1)It was rich in higher classification units such as family and genus, and many rare and endangered plant species were distributed in riparian zone. The distribution types and sub-types of family and genes of seed plants were rich comparatively.2)The minimum sampling areas of riparian plant community were smaller than those of non-riparian community, and the species richness of riparian community was higher than that of non-riparian community at the same elevation.3)There were larger variations of the structure characteristics and biodiversity, and the replacement of tree species from lower to higher elevation was obvious in riparian plant community.4)The riparian widths at different elevations were not uniform, but the range of change was not wide. The average riparian width was about 20m..5)The river width and the riverbank height were closely related to riparian width, and a multivariate linear regression model for computing the riparian width was established.6).The ecotone between broad-leaved Korean pine forest and dark coniferous forest in riparian zone was 1000-1050m,which was lower than 1100m commonly used.7)Difference in the storage of in-stream fallen woods in different sections of stream at different elevations was obvious. But the distribution rules of different decay classes were unanimous..8)The composition of tree species and the volumes of different species of in-stream fallen woods were closely related to the composition of riparian vegetation.

以长白山二道河流域为研究对象，运用分形等非线形科学理论、景观和生态系统生态学原理与方法、遥感及GIS等手段度量流域内多种因子及其分形特征；在不同尺度上进行格局、过程的研究，以期综合和发展相关方法、理论；通过不同尺度上生态系统结构和功能的比较，探讨流域生态系统的原理。体现水陆研究的交叉，强调理论创新，培养新的学科生长点。.