含吲哚[3,2-b]咔唑的侧链型磺化聚芳醚质子交换膜的结构设计及其构效关系研究

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) as a clean and efficient new power source has showed broad prospects in many fields, such as military, power stations, mobile and portable devices, and motor vehicles. Proton exchange membrane (PEM), as the core component, has become a hot topic in recent years. In this project, π-conjugated indole[3,2-b]carbazole is introduced into the poly(arylene ether) skeleton through molecular structure design to synthesize a series of adjustable indole[3,2-b]carbazole-based poly(arylene ether) containing flexible pendant sulfonic acids. The poly(arylene ether) system with π conjugated structure is constructed by changing the main chain structure and adjusting the content, location and the length of the alkyl chain of the sulfonic group, to study structure-property-microphase morphology relationship of poly(arylene ether) with π-conjugated structure. The properties of materials are regulated through a reasonable design, expecting to obtain the novel proton exchange membrane with the trade-off between high conductivity, low methanol permeability and good dimensional stability. Then the direct methanol fuel cell performance of the designed membranes will be evaluated. These will provide useful references for designing and preparing high performance proton exchange membranes.

质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）是一种清洁、高效的新型能源，已经在军事、发电站、移动和便携设备、机动车等诸多领域展现出广阔的应用前景。质子交换膜（PEM）作为其核心部件，近年来已经成为化学家们研究的热点。本项目拟通过分子结构设计，将π共轭的吲哚[3,2-b]咔唑引入聚芳醚骨架，合成一系列分子结构可调的含吲哚[3,2-b]咔唑的侧链型磺化聚芳醚质子交换膜。通过改变主链结构和调节侧链磺酸基团含量、位置以及烷基链长度等几方面，构筑含π共轭结构的聚芳醚体系，深入的研究含π共轭的聚芳醚结构-性能-微相形貌之间的构效关系。通过合理的设计实现对材料性能的调控，以期获得高电导率，低甲醇渗透率及良好的尺寸稳定性等多种性能均衡的新型质子交换膜，并对其燃料电池性能进行评价，进而为设计与制备高性能的质子交换膜提供有益参考。

质子交换膜作为DMFC的核心部件之一，在很大程度上决定了电池的整体性能。现今使用的最为广泛的PEM当属杜邦公司生产的Nafion膜，然而由于它的成本昂贵、合成工艺复杂以及阻醇性能差等缺点在一定程度上阻碍了DMFC的发展和应用。本项目从分子结构设计的出发，设计并合成系列新型的含吲哚[3,2-b]咔唑骨架的磺化聚芳醚类质子交换膜，系统的研究磺化聚芳醚系列结构-性能间的构效关系。在此基础上利用功能化的填料对其进一步改性，深入研究复合材料界面可控性及其与微观形貌、性能的内在关系。通过构建π-π相互作用力、构筑酸碱交联网络、功能填料的复合等多种策略平衡质子传导率和甲醇渗透率之间的矛盾，获得综合性能优异的新型质子交换膜，为设计与制备高性能的质子交换膜提供有益参考。协助培养博士生、硕士生共5名，已发表SCI论文13篇，另有多篇文章在写作与投稿中，申请中国发明专利3项，实用新型专利3项，授权2项发明专利，3项实用新型专利。