大气细颗粒物的毒理与健康效应战略研究

The Major Research Plan of Natural Science Foundation of China “Toxicology and Health Effects of Atmospheric Fine Particulate Matters” has been implemented for 5 years, and totally 86 projects were funded. The achieved crucial progress of the work includes identification and tracing of toxic components, evidence and pattern of environmental epidemiology for PM2.5 pollution, and typical health impact caused by PM2.5 exposure. More than 960 papers have been published in peer-reviewed SCI journals, including New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet, and Nature etc. A total of 12 books including “Toxicology and Health Effects of Fine Particulate Matte” have been organized, edited and published. However, the evidence of PM2.5 exposure-toxicological effect-health hazard chain is still insufficient, and more attention should be paid on the mechanism exploration of joint toxicity for the diverse components to reveal the altered health risk due to pollution control. Therefore, further study based on the funded projects and the obtained findings is needed to fill the gap in the cause-and-effect relationship between PM2.5 pollution and its health hazards with the necessary innovation of both theory and methodology. Besides, the research progress and achieved goals of the research plan should be continuously summarized, highlighted, and finally, published or popularized if possible.

“大气细颗粒物的毒理与健康效应”重大研究计划已执行5年，共有86个研究项目得到资助，在PM2.5的毒性组分辨识与溯源、环境流行病学证据和特征、污染的典型健康危害等三方面取得重要突破，在New England Journal of Medicine、Lancet、Nature等期刊共发表SCI论文960多篇，出版了《大气细颗粒的毒理与健康效应》等中英文专著12部。但是，计划所获得的PM2.5污染对重大疾病发生发展影响的暴露-效应-健康危害证据链仍不完整，对PM2.5多种复杂组分的联合毒性作用研究从方法到机制尚不清楚，污染控制的健康获益仍需解析。计划需在已有培育、重点支持和集成项目基础上进一步合作攻关，开展全链条分析，通过理论与方法学创新，回答PM2.5组分与其毒性间因果关系，揭示典型地区PM2.5污染的机体损伤机制。此外，重大计划还需进一步加强对已取得成果的总结、宣传和出版。

项目组织相关领域专家，跟踪指导已资助项目研究进展，开展已有成果汇总与评估，并基于现有进展提出优先集成领域。制定 “大气细颗粒物的毒理与健康效应”重大研究计划2021年的年度规划与指南，与管理组合作完成了2021年项目申请及受资助项目进展评估等工作，在PM2.5关键毒性组分识别与毒性作用机制方面去的进展，建立“组分鉴定—毒性组分甄别—人体暴露—毒性效应与毒理学机制—健康危害”的全链条研究路线。组织编辑科普图书《大气细颗粒物污染与人体健康》，开展研究成果的科普性宣传。