北斗IGSO/MEO卫星偏航姿态模式下的光压摄动理论和模型研究

The Solar Radiation Pressure (SRP) is the major non-conservative force for the navigation satellites. At present, the usually utilized GPS SRP models in the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) cannot deal well with the attitude maneuvering process of BeiDou IGSO/MEO satellites in the eclipsing season. However, the significant degradation of the Precise Orbit Determination (POD) accuracy occurs during this period and the relation remains unresolved. Thus, more efforts are still needed to analyze the solar radiation pressure perturbation in the yaw-steering attitude maneuvering of BeiDou IGSO/MEO satellites..This subject study focuses on the SRP theory, modeling, and application for the BeiDou IGSO/MEO satellites. The whole research work is organized as follows. First, we model the yaw-attitude control of BeiDou IGSO/MEO satellites by analyzing the actual attitude control law. Based on the adjustable box-wing model, we present a new empirical SRP model by fitting the BeiDou tracking data, which can improve the POD accuracy from decimeter level to better than 10-cm level anticipatively. Second, the IGSO/MEO satellites POD problem in eclipsing season is discussed, and some new POD strategies will be investigated to insure a continuous high-precise orbit series, and to reveal the mechanism of POD accuracy degradation due to attitude maneuver. In the last part, we will develop a theory for the SRP to BeiDou IGSO/MEO to investigate its perturbative effects, which are inherently periodic due to Fourier series representation of the solar pressure force, and so averaging theory is applied to determine the secular changes in the orbit. Based on the secular effect of SRP, the passive satellite deorbiting strategy for IGSO and MEO become probable..This research will improved the service performance of BeiDou regional navigation satellite system at present, and also can offer necessary technical support for the construction of BeiDou global navigation satellite system in future.

太阳光压摄动是导航卫星受到的最大非保守力。目前，北斗导航系统采用的GPS光压模型不适应北斗IGSO/MEO卫星在受蚀期间的姿态调整过程，导致轨道计算精度严重降低，机理尚未明确。. 本项目在对北斗IGSO/MEO卫星偏航姿态精确建模的基础上，研究基于在轨实测数据的北斗IGSO/MEO卫星的综合光压建模方法，建立偏航姿态模式下的可校正Box-wing半分析光压模型;进而研究北斗IGSO/MEO卫星光压摄动解析理论，优化地影模型并研究地影期间的轨道受摄机制，揭示北斗IGSO/MEO卫星偏航控制模式下定轨异常机理，提高北斗IGSO/MEO卫星轨道精度。. 研究成果可为北斗IGSO/MEO卫星的姿态模式优化、轨道计算和控制等提供技术支撑和参考，同时可为中高轨卫星利用光压摄动进行姿态轨道控制和被动离轨等潜在应用奠定基础。

太阳光压摄动是导航卫星受到的最大非保守力。由于北斗导航系统采用的GPS光压模型不适应北斗IGSO/MEO卫星在受蚀期间的姿态调整过程，导致轨道计算精度严重降低。. 本项目在对北斗IGSO/MEO卫星偏航姿态精确建模的基础上，研究基于在轨实测数据的北斗IGSO/MEO卫星的综合光压建模方法，建立了偏航姿态模式下的可校正Box-wing半分析光压模型;进而研究北斗IGSO/MEO卫星光压摄动解析理论，优化地影模型并研究地影期间的轨道受摄机制，揭示了北斗IGSO/MEO卫星偏航控制模式下定轨异常机理，提高北斗IGSO/MEO卫星轨道精度。. 项目研究成果对北斗区域导航星座IGSO/MEO卫星动转零定轨提供了借鉴和参考，使卫星动转零期间的精密定轨达到了系统精度和稳定性指标要求；对后续全球星座IGSO/MEO卫星的平台设计也提供了有价值的参考；所研究的算法模型已全部应用于iGMAS分析中心的北斗导航数据处理过程，提高了北斗卫星的产品精度；同时也可为中高轨卫星利用光压摄动进行姿态轨道控制和被动离轨等潜在应用奠定基础。