生物基环氧大豆油共聚物的合成及其对聚乳酸增韧耐热改性研究

High toughness of polylactide (PLA) has important potential application, and the toughness of PLA can be improved significantly by the renewable bio-based epoxidized soybean oil (ESO). However, the ESO and its polymer exhibited low strength, low molecular weight, and poor compatibility with PLA, which seriously limited its application. In this work, the structure of poly(epoxidized soybean oil) (PESO) was designed firstly, and the poly(epoxidized soybean oil-co-isosorbide) (P(ESO-co-IS)) with the high molecular weight was synthesized, which combined with the characteristics of isosorbide rigid structure, leading to the improvement of the PESO strength. Subsequently, the compatibilizers of PLLA/PESO blends, poly(epoxidized soybean oil-co-poly(L-lactide)) and poly(epoxidized soybean oil-co- poly(D-lactide)), were also synthesized. The compatibilizers were not only improved the compatibility of the PLA blends, but also formed the stereocomplex crystals by regulating the optical rotation of PLA in the blend system, and improved the heat resistance. The influence of mechanical properties, heat resistance, compatibility, crystallinity, rheological properties and thermal stability with copolymer molecular weight, molecular structure, segment composition, blending composition and processing technology (temperature, shear rate, etc.) was investigated, constructed technological basis and controlling methods of high-performance PLA composites, developed fully biodegradable high performance PLA composites.

高韧性的聚乳酸（PLA）具有重要潜在应用价值，采用可再生生物质资源环氧大豆油改性聚乳酸可以显著提高其韧性，然而环氧大豆油及其聚合物的低强度﹑低分子量﹑以及与PLA较差的相容性等问题严重阻碍了其应用。本项目从聚环氧大豆油的结构设计入手，合成高分子量聚(环氧大豆油-co-异山梨醇酯)，结合异山梨醇刚性结构的特点，提高聚环氧大豆油的强度。然后制备PLA/聚环氧大豆油共混体系的增容剂，聚(环氧大豆油-co-聚左旋乳酸)和聚(环氧大豆油-co-聚右旋乳酸)，既可以提高共混体系的相容性，又可以通过调控聚乳酸的旋光性在共混体系内形成立体复合结晶，提高共混体系的耐热性。研究共聚物分子量﹑分子结构﹑链段组成﹑共混组成及工艺条件（温度、剪切速率等）对材料力学性能﹑耐热性能﹑相容性﹑结晶性能﹑流变性能和热稳定性的影响，建立高性能PLA复合材料的控制技术理论基础和方法，开发完全生物降解的高性能PLA复合材料。

高韧性的聚乳酸（PLA）具有重要潜在应用价值，采用可再生生物质资源蓖麻油改性聚乳酸可以显著提高其韧性，然而蓖麻油及其聚合物的低强度﹑低分子量﹑以及与PLA较差的相容性等问题严重阻碍了其应用。本项目合成聚乳酸-蓖麻油共聚物，聚乳酸-聚己内酯共聚物以及聚乙二醇-聚乳酸共聚物。然后制备PLA/聚乳酸-蓖麻油共聚物共混体系和PLA/聚己内酯/聚乳酸-聚己内酯共聚物共混体系，提高了聚乳酸的柔韧性，制备了PLA/聚乳酸-聚乙二醇共聚物共混体系，研究共聚物分子量﹑分子结构﹑链段组成﹑共混组成对材料力学性能﹑相容性﹑结晶性能﹑流变性能和热稳定性的影响，开发完全生物降解的高性能PLA复合材料。