养殖废水中雄激素物质的污染特征及其对食蚊鱼的生态毒理效应

Endocrine disruptors in the environment and their biological effects are the hotspot in the field of environmental science research, but related research focuses on environmental estrogen material. Research on androgens in the environment relatively lags behind. It has been reported that paper mill wastewater and domestic sewage containing various natural and synthetic androgen material, resulting in water pollution. However, it is very weak research on the pollution characteristics of androgens in breeding wastewater and their ecotoxicological effects. The research object is to analyze the pollution characteristics of androgens in representative pig farm wastewater in the Pearl River delta region using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method and reprogrammed genes yeast (YAS) method. In addition the ecotoxicological effects of androgens in representative pig farms wastewater are also studied by western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis). Combining the results of the chemical analysis, the molecular toxicological mechanism of mosquitofish in response to typical androgens in pig farm wastewater is assessed through through laboratory exposure experiments. Through the field and laboratory research to assess the pollution characteristics of androgens in breeding wastewater and their ecotoxicological effects, which provide the scientific basis for androgen pollution control in the water environment.

环境中内分泌干扰物及其生物效应是目前环境科学研究领域的热点问题，但相关研究主要集中于环境雌激素物质，而对环境雄激素物质的研究相对滞后。已有报道表明纸浆造纸废水及生活污水含有各种天然和合成的雄激素物质，造成受纳水环境的污染，而目前对另一个重要排放源养殖废水中各种雄激素物质污染及其生物效应的研究十分薄弱。本课题正是针对这一现状，选择珠三角地区典型养殖场废水作为研究对象，利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)法和重组基因酵母(YAS)法分析代表性集约化生猪养殖场环境中雄激素物质的污染状况，并以食蚊鱼作为受体生物研究养殖场废水受纳水环境中食蚊鱼的生态毒理效应；结合化学分析的结果，进一步通过实验室暴露实验研究典型雄激素物质对食蚊鱼的分子毒理机制。通过野外和实验室研究相结合了解养殖场的雄激素物质污染状况及雄激素效应，为水环境中雄激素物质的污染控制提供科学依据。

环境内分泌干扰物是目前环境科学研究的热点，但相关研究主要集中于雌激素效应物质，而对雄激素物质研究十分薄弱。由于养殖废水等的排放，可能潜在环境造成自然和合成的雄激素物质污染，而相关研究几乎空白。因此，本研究通过化学的和生物的方法，主要以雄激素物质排放源头养殖废水为研究对象，通过对食蚊鱼的致毒分析研究其激素生物效应。以其了解水环境中雄激素物质污染现状及生态毒理效应。主要成果有：（1）全面了解了养猪废水雄激素的含量分布特征；（2）建立了环境激素效应生物体内方法，对养殖废水污染的河流水环境中激素效应特征有了全面的认识；（3）了解了雄激素物质对食蚊鱼雄激素效应的毒理机制。研究结果表明雄激素在环境介质中普遍检出，在一些水体中对水生生物具有雄激素效应，研究成果为了解我国河流中雄激素的污染状况具有重要意义，为雄激素环境政策的制定提供基本依据。