高位厚脆硬顶板采动“水-气动力”致灾机理与控灾开采基础研究

In recent years, a new type of roof disaster - overburden water - gas (gas) dynamic disaster occurred frequently , It is a hot research field due to its large water gas volume,not obvious disaster symptom and high hazard.Therefore, the project with a high thick brittle roof mining water disaster caused by gas accumulation coupling as the background, with "separation of the formation of flashball separation water gather gas - gas - water separation and rock dynamic prominent" as the main line, the research of mining fissure evolution and water gas gathering coupled disaster mechanism of thick Brittle Mutant roof this, disaster prevention and management of collaborative working face mining design, the coupling mechanism such as controllable disturbance control engineering water inrush and gas seepage flow control disaster mining principle, criterion, performance, and water barrier closure rules on the implementation of the principle and method of control system and in-depth study of disaster control of key strata, the initial establishment of mining the engineering geological models of dynamic fracture process of the dynamic evolution of the water inrush and gas water rock coupling of the disaster caused by the key stratum; under the guidance of the principle, explore the new mode of regulation of scheduling; reveal the fractured rock gas water rock coupling disaster caused by mining The universal law of the internal control of the project.

近年一种新的顶板灾害类型—覆岩离层水-气(瓦斯）动力灾害开始频发出现，由于其瞬时水-气量大、灾害征兆不明显、危害大等特点而成为研究热点。因此，项目以高位厚脆硬顶板采动积水聚气耦合致灾为背景，以“离层的产生→离层积水聚气的形成→离层水-气-岩动力突出”为主线，研究厚脆硬顶板采动裂隙演化与积水聚气耦合突变致灾机理，提出灾害防治与采矿设计、工作面管理协同耦合机制等人为可控扰动工程控制突水溃气及渗流流态的控灾开采原理，并深入研究控灾关键层的判别条件、阻隔水性能、闭合规律及对其实施控制的原理和方法，初步建立采动过程裂隙动态演化的突水溃气水岩耦合致灾的工程地质作用模型；在关键层原理的指导下，探索调控调度新模式；揭示采动裂隙岩体水-气-岩耦合致灾与可控扰动工程之间的内在普适性规律。建立和完善灾害防治研究平台，变被动治灾为主动控灾，为受灾困煤层安全开采提供科学依据。

近年来，一种新的顶板灾害类型—坚硬覆岩顶板离层水-气(瓦斯）动力灾害开始频发出现，由于其瞬时水-气量大、灾害征兆不明显、危害大等特点而成为矿业工程领域研究的热点。因此，项目以高位厚脆硬顶板采动覆岩破坏演化过程中积水聚气耦合致灾为背景，以“离层的产生→离层积水聚气的形成→离层水-气-岩动力突出”为主线，研究了厚脆硬顶板采动裂隙演化与积水聚气耦合突变致灾机理，提出了灾害防治与采矿设计、工作面管理协同耦合机制等人为可控扰动工程控制突水溃气及渗流流态的控灾开采原理，并深入研究了此类顶板条件下，控水控灾关键层的形成机理、判别条件、阻隔水性能、闭合规律及对其实施控制的原理和方法，初步建立了采动过程裂隙动态演化的突水溃气水岩耦合致灾的工程地质作用模型；在关键层原理的指导下，探索了提前施工等水抽气孔超前疏放的调控调度新模式；揭示了高位厚脆硬顶板采动裂隙岩体水-气-岩耦合致灾与可控扰动工程之间的内在普适性规律。建立和完善了我国煤矿水气耦合灾害防治研究平台，变被动防水治灾为主动控水控灾，为受灾困煤层安全开采提供了科学依据，项目研究期间课题组成员发表相关研究论文16篇，申请专利7项，获得安徽省科技进步奖2项，全面完成了预期成果的考核转变，指导卧龙湖8102、五沟煤矿1019等工作面安全开采，共采出受水困煤层120余万吨，经济效益与社会效益均非常明显，发挥了国家自然科学基金的引领作用。