基于魔芋葡甘聚糖的分子印迹功能材料的研究

In recent years, molecularly imprinted functional materials based on polysaccharides have attracted great attention due to their abundant raw materials, good biocompatibility and biodegradability. This work will use konjac glucomannan(KGM), a type of natural polysaccharides and one of the rich resources in Enshi, China, to prepare a novel molecularly imprinted functional materials..The main tasks are as follows: (1) Molecularly imprinted hydrogels for bovine serum albumin (BSA) separation will be prepared by an enzymatic cross-linking technique, using carboxymethy KGM-aminophenol conjugate (CMKGM-AP) as the functional macromonomer and BSA as the template, in order to avoid the inactivation of protein during molecularly imprinting. (2)Molecularly imprinted microgels with superparamagnetism and thermosensitivity for tyrosine separation will be prepared by a dispersion polymerization using carboxymethyl KGM-aminopyridine conjugate (CMKGM-AP) as the functional macromonomer, N-isopropyl acrylamide as the thermosensitive comonomer, modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles as magnetic component, and tyrosine as the template. (3)Effects of the preparation conditions, pH, temperature, and etc on the performance of the adsorption, recognition for molecularly imprinted polymers will be studied. This study would lay the foundation for developing more molecularly imprinted manteriasl based on KGM with the function of separation, sensing, drug delivery, enzyme mimics, and etc in the future.

多糖基分子印迹功能材料因原料来源广泛、生物相容性和生物降解性好等优点，近年来引起国外研究者的广泛关注。本工作拟利用湖北省恩施州丰富资源之一的天然多糖-魔芋葡甘聚糖制备新型分子印迹功能材料。主要工作包括：(1)以羧甲基魔芋葡甘聚糖-氨基苯酚偶联物为功能单体、牛血清蛋白为模板分子，通过酶促凝胶化快速形成用于蛋白质分离的分子印迹凝胶,以解决蛋白质印迹过程中易变性失活的问题；(2)以羧甲基魔芋葡甘聚糖-氨基吡啶偶联物为功能单体，N-异丙基丙烯酰胺为温敏单体、改性Fe3O4纳米粒子为磁性组分、酪氨酸为模板分子，采用分散聚合法制备用于酪氨酸分离的超顺磁性分子印迹温敏凝胶；(3) 考察制备条件、吸附介质的pH、温度等因素对其吸附与识别性能的影响规律。本研究可为将来开发更多具有分离、传感、药物传输和酶模拟等功能的魔芋葡甘聚糖基分子印迹功能材料奠定基础。

本项目以来源广泛、生物相容性好和生物降解性好的天然多糖-魔芋葡甘聚糖（KGM）为主要原料开展了以下研究：1. 采用酶促交联法制备了用于牛血清白蛋白的KGM基分子印迹聚合物，研究了所得材料对BSA的吸附性能，并用Langmuir方程和Freundilich方程对所得实验数据予以拟合。2. 制备了同时具有磁性和温敏性的用于酪氨酸分离的 KGM基分子印迹聚合物，研究了所得材料对酪氨酸的吸附性能，并用相关方程对所得数据予以拟合。3. 用接枝共聚法制备了用于咖啡因分离的KGM基分子印迹聚合物，该材料对咖啡因的吸附行为可以用Langmuir方程描述，并利用分子印迹固相萃取技术实现了对3种实际饮料样品的富集及测定。4. 以丙烯酸和三甲基烯丙基氯化铵分别为阴离子和阳离子接枝单体，制备了一种新型KGM基两性聚电解质水凝胶，并考察了其pH及电解质敏感性。5. 制备了高取代度的KGM硝酸酯，探讨了其热学性能。6. 制备了KGM辛酸酯，探讨了其流变学性能。7. 制备了羧甲基化KGM，并测试了不同条件下其水溶液的黏度行为。8. 以凹凸棒石为无机填料，采用接枝共聚法制备了KGM接枝丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸/凹凸棒石复合材料。9. 以KGM和海藻酸钠为共同基体，采用接枝共聚法制备了海藻酸钠-魔芋接枝丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸/凹凸棒石复合材料。10. 采用溶液共混法，制备了聚乙烯醇-KGM/凹凸棒石复合材料。总之，本研究可以充分利用武陵地区丰富的魔芋资源，拓宽KGM的研究范围，为进一步提高其产品的附加值奠定基础。