复合配方纳米润滑油减摩抗磨机理及对发动机性能的影响研究

The compound formula nanometer-additive lubricating oil has the solid / liquid coupling lubrication properties, which can effectively reduce the mechanical loss of the engine and optimize the emission composition, belongs to environment-friendly friction materials, and has strategic significance of energy-conservation and emission-reduction. This project aims to reveal the anti-friction and anti-wear mechanism of the compound formula nanometer-additive lubricating oil formulated in engine and explore its impact on engine performance. The research will be carried out around the following four aspects: " the physical, thermal physical and chemical properties ", " anti-friction and anti-wear mechanism ", " The impact on engine performance " and " Establishing of engine performance simulation model" of the formula compound nanometer-additive lubricating oil. By analyzing the physical, thermal physical and chemical properties of compound formula nanometer-additive lubricating oil and its influencing factors, propose nanoparticles structure and performance control method to get the dispersion-stable nanometer-additive lubricating oil, establish the simulation model of lubricant viscosity and thermal conductivity. Based on the tribology and engine bench test, combined the analysis of interfacial effects of formula compound nanoparticles, study on tribological behavior of the motion components in engine, reveal the anti-friction and anti-wear mechanism of formula compound nanometer-additive lubricating oil, and study its influence on engine performance, especially emission performance. Establish engine performance simulation model of formula compound nanometer-additive lubricating oil, optimize the design of formula compound nanometer-additive lubricating oil for vehicle engine. This project will provide a theoretical basis for the application of nanometer-additive lubricating oil in the engine, which embodies multidisciplinary cross-integration.

复合配方纳米润滑油具备固/液耦合润滑特性，可有效降低发动机机械损失、优化排放，是实现汽车节能减排的一个重要途径。本项目拟以揭示发动机中复合配方纳米润滑油减摩抗磨机理、探究其对发动机性能的影响为目标，围绕复合配方纳米润滑油“理化特性、减摩抗磨机理、对发动机性能的影响、发动机性能仿真模型建立”四个方面开展研究工作。通过分析复合配方纳米润滑油的理化特性及影响因素，提出润滑油中复合配方纳米颗粒控形改性方法，实现复合配方纳米润滑油分散稳定性；基于摩擦学和发动机台架实验，结合复合配方纳米颗粒的界面作用分析，研究发动机运动组件摩擦学行为，揭示复合配方纳米润滑油减摩抗磨机理，并研究其对发动机性能尤其是排放性能的影响规律，提出优化排放的新思路；构建基于复合配方纳米润滑油的发动机性能仿真模型，优化适于车用发动机的复合配方纳米润滑油配制。本研究将为纳米润滑油在发动机中的应用提供理论依据，体现了多学科交叉融合。

通过降低发动机摩擦副机械损失，获得发动机有效热效率的提升，是一项高效节能减排的举措。复合配方纳米润滑油具备固/液耦合润滑特性，可有效降低发动机摩擦副机械损失、优化排放，从而达到节能减排，实现双碳目标。.已开展的研究内容：1）通过实验方法，开展表面修饰剂、制备方法/时长/温度等因素，纳米颗粒理化特性以及复合配方纳米颗粒间相互作用对基础油中纳米颗粒分散稳定性影响规律的研究，确定了可改善润滑油中单一/复合配方纳米颗粒分散稳定的制备方法；开展了复合配方纳米润滑油的流变特性、热物理特性研究，优化油中纳米颗粒的复合配方。2）利用四球摩擦磨损实验机与活塞环-汽缸壁往复摩擦磨损实验机，开展复合配方纳米润滑油减摩抗磨实验，对比分析单一/复合配方纳米润滑油与基础润滑油的减摩抗磨性能，探究纳米颗粒在摩擦前后对润滑膜生成及演化的影响规律和机制；总结润滑油中纳米颗粒的类型、浓度、形态及制备因素对相关摩擦参数（如摩擦系数、磨损表面磨损率、磨损表面之间油膜厚度、表面粗糙度）的影响规律，结合摩擦副接触面实验前后形貌变化，揭示复合配方纳米润滑油的减摩抗磨机理；3）搭建复合配方纳米润滑油发动机实验台架，开展复合配方纳米润滑油对发动机性能（动力特性、经济特性和排放特性）影响的研究，总结复合配方纳米润滑油对发动机性能影响规律，优化纳米润滑油复合配方，建立复合配方纳米润滑油发动机性能仿真模型。.基于前述研究，以提升发动机有效热效率为应用需求，对摩擦副润滑状态分析，设计润滑油中纳米颗粒配方，强化纳米颗粒与摩擦副表面的相互作用，针对发动机高温变速等工况，开发发动机用复合配方纳米润滑油，所开发产品已在东风汽车集团有限公司技术中心得到应用。.本课题研究过程中共发表相关论文17篇，其中15篇被SCI检索。申请专利1项。项目组成员在国际和国内会议上做邀请报告3次。培养博士后1人，博士研究生1人，硕士研究生3人。