车载感知支持下的公交专用道时分复用方法研究

It is one of our state strategy to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution resorting to the transit priority policy，and it is an important measure to guarantee the transit priority by deploying bus lanes．With the increasing pressure of limited urban road resources，it is a effective solution to enhance the traffic efficiency that common vehicles can share bus lanes from the premise of the ensured bus priority．Unfortunately, due to the lack of fundamental method and mechanism research, there are several issues occurred such as traffic flow oscillating or low traffic efficiency using current rough methods of bus lanes intermittent reuse. On the basis of the pre-research and practice of bus lanes intermittent reusing in recent years，Research on time division multiplexing approach to share bus lanes based on vehicle-mounted sensing including OBD and Transit VANET．The main reseach content of the proposed theoretical method includes：the principle of how to divide time slices and space slices，lane change model with time windows for vehicles’ borrowing and returning bus lanes，Research on traffic and communication integrated simulation of time division multiplexing system for bus lanes. Finally，the algorithms and models will be verified by traffic communication joined simulation and experimented by the established prototype experimental platform. It belongs to global state-of-art research foreland on fundamental applying theory of intelligent transportation system, which could provide a novel solution to construct and manages bus lanes for the state strategy of transit priority. Besides, the vehicle-mounted sensing method can also be extended to the fast data collection for vehicle infrasture integration system and traffic control system. Therefore, this research proposal possesses not only important significance in science also great value in engineering.

公交优先是我国破解交通拥堵、空气污染的国家发展战略，设置专用道是保障公交优先的重要举措。随着城市道路资源日趋紧缺，公交专用道在保证公交优先前提下实现普通车辆的路权共享，可以有效提高道路利用率。因为缺少基础性方法机理的研究，目前粗放的专用道间歇再利用方法导致交通流振荡、效率有限等问题。课题组在多年专用道路权共享的预研基础上，提出了车载感知支持下的公交专用道时分复用方法。通过对时间片/空间片划分机理、OBD及公交VANET的车载感知及其支持下车辆借/还道过程中的带时间窗换道协作模型、公交专用道时分复用交通-通信集成仿真的研究，建立专用道时分复用技术理论，并分别通过交通-通信联合仿真系统及原型实验平台进行仿真和实验验证。本项目属于智能交通领域应用基础理论的国际前沿性课题，将为我国大力发展公交专用道提供建设与管理的新思路，为公交信息感知和交互提供新方法，具有重要的研究意义和工程价值。

公交专用道时段性闲置引起的车道资源浪费严重，充分开发和利用现有车道的道路资源，成为当下城市交通系统中一个亟待解决的问题。本项目提出了车载感知支持下的公交专用道时分复用方法，以实现公交/普通车道在保证公交优先前提下，允许社会交通动态借道共享的目标，从而推进公交优先，缓解交通拥堵。内容包括：研究公交专用道时分复用方法。引入公交专用道时分复用概念，在此基础上，提出公交专用道时分复用控制策略、换道概率模型、面向动态公交车道的设置条件确定方法、车辆博弈换道协作策略、车辆分形协作控制方法，构建了较为完整的车道时分复用控制理论及方法体系；研究基于车载OBD 及公交VANET 的公交专用道交通信息动态感知技术，挖掘公交车行驶的时间特征和相遇的空间特征，提出公交VANET的连通性估算方法、行车分布估计方法，公交车到达时间、车辆轨迹、客流量预测方法，以及提出纯电公交车充电时间预测、充电站布局优化方法；最后将公交专用道时分复用及其车辆协作方法嵌入到PARAMICS软件中进行仿真实验，并在杭州市某路段进行实际应用。结果表明实施公交专用道时分复用系统并不会对原有公交专用道中的公交行驶造成影响，并且可以通过开放车道，缩短社会车辆的路段行程时间，从而提高路段的整体交通效率，尤其是在高峰交通时段效果显著。项目旨在为公交专用道时分复用策略的有效运行奠定算法基础，也为其适用条件提供理论依据，对于缓解交通拥堵具有重要意义。