典型人造无机纳米材料与环境水体中内分泌干扰物的交互作用及其联合毒性研究

Since the year 2000, the production of inorganic engineering nanomaterials (ENMs) and products that incorporate those ENMs has been rapidly expanding. Since ENMs will enter the environment during their producing, use, disposal, or weathering, the growing scientific and public concerns about the human and environmental safety of ENMs and their applications have been widely evoked. In recent years, more and more reports have demonstrated that different types of ENMs are capable of altering the normal and physiological activity of the endocrine system and induce reproductive toxicity. However, to date, the existing data and knowledge of potential endocrine interactions and toxicities of ENMs are quite limited, and the underlying mechanism of action is not clear yet. Furthermore, most of the studies use the mammalian cells and mice as the test models to examine effects of NPs on endocrine functions. In fact, ENMs released into the environment would also interact with the traditional endocrine disruptors, and induce the joint toxicity. However, there are very few studies in this field. In this project, the interactions between ENMs and traditional endocrine disruptors, and their endocrine disruption effects on Zebrafish, a widely-used model organism in the environmental field, will be fully investigated. We will focus on disclosing the internal mechanism of endocrine interactions, and elucidating the relations between the physicochemical property of ENMs and their endocrine toxicity.

随着纳米材料和产品的大规模生产，其在生产、使用、废弃处理过程中不可避免地会通过各种途径进入环境，将对生态系统和环境产生不可预知的影响。近年来，越来越多的研究表明纳米材料可能是一种潜在的新型内分泌干扰，并具有一定的生殖毒性。但是，当前的研究还非常有限，工作还不系统，不透彻，结果还很分散，内在作用机理还不清晰，无法总结一般的科学规律，并且大部分研究的实验模型都是细胞和哺乳动物，很少涉及环境动物。同时我们还应该看到，纳米材料会和环境中的传统内分泌干扰物发生相互作用，并产生联合生物效应，但在该领域，国内外的研究还几乎处于空白。因此，本项目将详细研究典型纳米材料与环境中的传统内分泌干扰物的相互作用，并从内分泌干扰角度研究其对水生生物——斑马鱼——的生物学效应，揭示其内在的作用机理，总结和概括纳米材料物理化学特征与其内分泌干扰特性的关系，为预测其他纳米材料的环境内分泌干扰风险提供科学支持。

随着纳米材料和产品的大规模生产，其在生产、使用、废弃处理过程中不可避免地会通过各种途径进入环境，将对生态系统和环境产生不可预知的影响。近年来，越来越多的研究表明纳米材料可能是一种潜在的新型内分泌干扰，并具有一定的生殖毒性。但是，当前的研究还非常有限，工作还不系统，不透彻，结果还很分散，内在作用机理还不清晰，无法总结一般的科学规律，并且大部分研究的实验模型都是细胞和哺乳动物，很少涉及环境动物。同时我们还应该看到，纳米材料会和环境中的传统内分泌干扰物发生相互作用，并产生联合生物效应，但在该领域，国内外的研究还几乎处于空白。在本课题中，我们选取了几种典型的纳米材料，包括碳纳米管、石墨烯量子点、纳米银、二氧化钛和氧化锌，以及典型的内分泌干扰物，包括双酚A和壬基酚。研究了他们之间的相互作用，以及联合毒性。结果显示纳米材料和内分泌干扰物互相作用，影响彼此的生物毒性，并发现部分纳米材料具备成为一种新型内分泌干扰物的潜质，比如纳米银。本研究进一步完善纳米材料的内分泌干扰特性的风险评价，有利于人们更加全面地评估纳米材料对人类健康和自然环境的潜在危害。