高分辨对地观测航天器反作用飞轮组件扰动机理及其控制策略研究

In many factors that aroused the micro-vibration of high-resolution earth observation spacecraft, the disturbance during the running of reaction flywheel assembly (RFA) is placed first. It is a complex motion, which is correlatively affected by many factors. Studying the disturbance properties of RFA, understanding the scientific nature of its formation and evolution are the key scientific problems that need urgent solutions in improving the high-resolution earth observation spacecraft’s attitude stability, pointing accuracy, and life span. In this project, a type of reaction flywheel assembly working under the extreme operating condition is chosen as the research target. The dynamics models of RFA’s disturbance coupling multi-factors, such as: bearing lubrication, friction heat generation, wear accumulation and system unbalance, et al., are established based on the dynamics theory of rolling bearing, multi-body dynamics theory and rotor dynamics theory. And then, the properties, formation mechanism and evolution mechanism of RFA’s disturbance are studied systematically, and the component elements of RFA’s disturbance is dissected. Finally, the assessment method and control strategy for RFA are developed. The research findings will provide theoretical basis for the design, manufacture and selection of RFA.

在引起高分辨对地观测航天器微振动的诸多因素中，反作用飞轮组件运转过程中产生的扰动是主要成因，是多因素耦合下的复杂运动，研究其扰动特性，揭示扰动形成和演变的科学本质，是提升高分辨对地观测航天器姿态稳定性、指向精度和性能在轨寿命亟待解决的关键科学问题。本项目以工作在超常工况下的某型号反作用飞轮组件为研究对象，以滚动轴承动力学理论、多体动力学理论和转子动力学理论为理论基础，计入轴承的润滑、摩擦生热、磨损积累和系统不平衡量等因素，建立多因素耦合的反作用飞轮组件扰动动力学模型，系统研究反作用飞轮组件的扰动特性、扰动形成机理和演变机理，解析扰动的构成元素，制定扰动特性的评价方法，探索反作用飞轮组件的控制策略，项目的研究成果将为反作用飞轮组件的设计、制造和选用提供理论依据。

反作用飞轮组件运转过程中产生的扰动是引起高分辨对地观测航天器微振动的主要成因之一，本项目开展了4129润滑油摩擦系数、G65Cr14Mo材料以及G65Cr14Mo材料与多孔聚酰亚胺对偶材料的摩擦系数试验研究，建立了富油和微油润滑状态下4129润滑油的热力耦合滑/滚摩擦系数计算模型、6自由度的反作用飞轮组件动力学模型，研发了反作用飞轮组件动力学仿真分析软件，分析了轴承的结构参数、预载荷等因素对其扰动特性的影响，探明了扰动的形成机理、构成元素及其变化规律。基于Kistler六分量微振动试验台，研究了反作用飞轮组件扰动特性（时域特征和频域特征），初步获得了评价反作用飞轮组件扰动特性的关键性能指标，探索了反作用飞轮组件扰动特性的评价方法和控制策略。项目的研究成果将为反作用飞轮组件的设计和选用提供理论依据。