多级孔道结构对催化反应的扩散调控基础研究

For heterogeneous catalysis, controlling the diffusion of reaction species (reactants, intermediates, products) on the surface of catalysts, and thereby controlling the catalytic activity and selectivity is always a frontier in catalysis. The hierarchical porous structure is the best carrier to realize this purpose. Focusing on the core ideal of diffusion control by the hierarchically porous structure, this project is devoted to deep and systematic fundamental studies on rational design and accurate building of hierarchically porous structure, controlling directional diffusion of reaction species in the pores, shape-selective effect of molecules in liquid phase, controlling chirality in the pores, and novel routes for synthesizing these hierarchically porous structured catalysts. This project proposed new ideals of micro-meso-macroporous structured composite and hollow structure of zeolites with ordered mesoporous materials as well as novel strategies for preparing functionalized composites such as inorganic/organic composite, hydrophobic/hydrophilic composite, and multi-functional catalysts. The research works suggested in this work should generate new knowledges for understanding the principles of heterogeneous catalysis, designing novel effective catalytic materials, and enhancing catalytic performance.

对多相催化而言，调控反应物种在催化剂表面的扩散，进而实现对催化反应的活性和选择性的有效控制始终是催化研究的核心前沿课题。多级孔道结构为实现这个目标提供了最佳的载体。本项目将围绕多级孔道结构对扩散的控制这个核心，针对多级孔道结构的设计和准确构筑、如何控制反应物种在孔道内的定向可控扩散、液相体系的择形效应及其机制、多级孔道内的手性控制、多级孔道材料的绿色合成新路线等科学问题进行深入而系统的基础研究。本项目提出了多级孔道结构的大孔/介孔/微孔三级尺度复合和分子筛/介孔/空心结构复合的催化剂孔道结构设计思路以及有机/无机组分复合、浸润性（亲水/疏水）复合、多重活性位点复合的催化剂功能设计策略。本项目提出的研究工作，对于深刻掌握多相催化原理，设计新型高效的催化材料、提高催化反应性能具有重要意义。

对多相催化而言，调控反应物种在催化剂表面的扩散，进而实现对催化反应的活性和选择性的有效控制始终是催化研究的核心前沿课题，而多级孔道结构的制备为实现这个目标提供了很好的方法。本项目围绕着多级孔道结构对扩散的控制这个核心，进行多级孔道结构的设计和准确构筑、控制反应物种在孔道内的定向可控扩散、研究液相体系的择形效应及其机制、尝试多级孔道内的手性控制、发展多级孔道材料的绿色合成新路线等。本项目制备了多级孔道结构的大孔/介孔/微孔三级尺度复合和分子筛/介孔/空心结构复合以及有机/无机组分复合、浸润性(亲水/疏水)复合、多重活性位点复合的催化材料，显示出优异的催化性能。这些研究工作，对于深刻掌握多相催化原理，设计新型高效的催化材料、提高催化反应性能具有重要意义。