某些重金属的核酸适配体非标记纳米粒子-SERS光谱分析

Stable silver nanoparticle and its nanoalloy were prepared by chemical procedure using suitable polymer as stabile reagent. Suitable aggregation reagent was screened to prepare highly stable and SERS active aggregated nanosilver and its nanoalloy colloides that were characterized by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Highly selective aptamer cracking reaction and SERS probe molecule were screened to fabricate aptamer-naoparticle SERS probe analytical system. The influence of various factors on the aptamer reaction and the probe were considered, and aptamer label-free nanoparticle SERS method was developed for the determination of trace metal ions.The seperation procedure for nanosilver particles and its aggregations,the probe and its aggregation was studied. Nanocatalytic particle reactions were explored, that combined with the aptamer reaction to develop some highly sensitive and seletive aptamer label-free nanocatalytic SERS methods for the detemination of havy metal ions in water samples of Guangxi province diggings.The mechanism of liquid aggregated-nanoparticle surface-emhanced resonance Raman scattering (LASERRS) was studied.

选择适宜的高分子化合物作稳定剂，采用化学物理方法制备稳定的纳米银及其复合纳米微粒溶胶；筛选适宜的纳米聚集剂，制备高稳定性、高活性聚集纳米银溶胶和聚集复合纳米银溶胶；采用电镜等技术对溶胶进行表征。筛选高选择性的核酸适配体裂解反应和灵敏的SERS分子；构建适配体-贵金属银复合纳米微粒SERS探针分析体系。优化分析条件，发展简便快速灵敏测定重金属离子靶分子的核酸适配体非标记纳米-SERS光谱定量分析新方法。研究核酸适配体-银及其复合纳米探针与其聚集体的适宜分离技术和方法；探索银复合纳米微粒催化反应新体系，将高选择性核酸适配体裂解反应和高灵敏复合纳米催化反应，及高灵敏的SERS检测技术结合，发展一批高灵敏高选择性的测定重金属靶分子的核酸适配体非标记纳米催化-SERS新方法，并用于广西矿山重金属污染等环境样品分析；研究液相聚集纳米粒子表面增强共振拉曼散射机理。

纳米分析是纳米材料在分析中的重要应用，是分析化学的重要研究方向之一。将纳米粒子、适配体和SERS有机结合在一起，发展一批SERS光谱定量分析新方法，具有重要意义。本课题选择了适宜的化合物作稳定剂，采用化学物理方法制备稳定的纳米银及其复合纳米微粒溶胶；筛选适宜的纳米聚集剂，制备高稳定性、高活性聚集纳米银溶胶和聚集复合纳米银溶胶；采用电镜等技术对溶胶进行表征。筛选了高选择性的核酸适配体裂解反应和灵敏的SERS分子；构建适配体-贵金属银复合纳米微粒SERS探针分析体系。优化分析条件，发展简便快速灵敏测定重金属离子靶分子的核酸适配体非标记纳米-SERS光谱定量分析新方法。研究了核酸适配体-银及其复合纳米探针与其聚集体的适宜分离技术和方法；探索银复合纳米微粒催化反应新体系，将高选择性核酸适配体裂解反应和高灵敏复合纳米催化反应，及高灵敏的SERS检测技术结合，发展了一批高灵敏高选择性的测定As3+、Pb2+等重金属靶分子的核酸适配体非标记纳米催化-SERS新方法，并用于重金属污染等环境样品分析；研究液相聚集纳米粒子表面增强共振拉曼散射机理。.本课题在国内外发表学术论文14篇，其中SCI、EI收录论文14篇，会议论文4篇；获得授权中国发明专利6项；参加国际国内学术会议10人次。结合该课题研究培养博士硕士8名。