机械化学法固化焚烧飞灰中重金属及协同降解二恶英的机理研究

Currently in China, the harmless treatment of the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash becomes an urgent environmental issue. Conventional treatment methods, cement solidification, thermal heating and co-processing by cement kilns, are limited by the shortcomings such as volume increasing, high energy consumption, limited processing capacity and high cost, etc. This project innovatively proposes the traditional mechanochemical (MC) method for the harmless treatment of the MSWI fly ash, using itself-containing crystalline material and additives to achieve the solidification of heavy metals and synergistic destruction of dioxins and furans in fly ash. The following aspects will be studied in this project: Physicochemical property analysis for typical MSWI fly ash, MC solidification mechanism of heavy metals in MWSI fly ash, the supplementary means for achieving the solidification of heavy metals and synergistic destruction of dioxins and furans in MSWI fly ash, and the synergistic effects of heavy metals and dioxins and furans in different MC forms. Through this innovative research project, the basic mechanisms and reaction processes for co-processing heavy metals and dioxins and furans in MSWI fly ash by MC treatment will be disclosed, cheap and efficient additives will be found, and the key process parameters for the harmless treatment of MSWI fly ash using MC method will be obtained. The work of this project will provide a reliable theoretical support for developing large scale MC treatment method for MSWI fly ash.

当前我国城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的无害化处置已成为刻不容缓的环境问题。常规处置方法有水泥固化、热处置、水泥窑协同处置等，但受限于处置后体积增加、能耗高、处理量有限、成本高等诸多缺点。本项目创新性提出将传统的机械化学法用于焚烧飞灰的无害化处置，利用焚烧飞灰本身所含晶体物质及添加剂，实现飞灰中重金属的固化和二恶英的协同降解。研究内容主要包括：典型城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的物化特性研究、机械化学法对飞灰中重金属的固化机理、辅助手段实现飞灰中重金属固化协同二恶英降解、机械化学法不同形式对飞灰中重金属/二恶英协同处置的影响等。通过本项目研究，将获得机械化学法固化焚烧飞灰中重金属及协同降解二恶英的基本机理和反应过程，发现廉价、高效的添加剂，获得机械化学法处置焚烧飞灰的关键工艺参数，为机械化学法规模化处置垃圾焚烧飞灰的工艺形成提供可靠的理论支持。

当前我国城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的无害化处置已成为刻不容缓的环境问题。常规处置方法有水泥固化、热处置、水泥窑协同处置等，但受限于处置后体积增加、能耗高、处理量有限、成本高等诸多缺点。本项目创新性提出将传统的机械化学法用于焚烧飞灰的无害化处置，利用焚烧飞灰本身所含晶体物质及添加剂，实现飞灰中重金属的固化和二恶英的协同降解。研究内容主要包括：典型城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的物化特性研究、机械化学法对飞灰中重金属的固化机理、辅助手段实现飞灰中重金属固化协同二恶英降解、机械化学法不同形式对飞灰中重金属/二恶英协同处置的影响等。通过本项目研究，将获得机械化学法固化焚烧飞灰中重金属及协同降解二恶英的基本机理和反应过程，发现廉价、高效的添加剂，获得机械化学法处置焚烧飞灰的关键工艺参数，为机械化学法规模化处置垃圾焚烧飞灰的工艺形成提供可靠的理论支持。