资源化微藻培养过程藻分离废水循环利用抑制因子识别及控制机理研究

The addition of nutrient elements, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and the large consumption of water resources are the limiting factors that affect the economic feasibility of large-scale microalgae production. The reuse of medium (water and nutrients) during the large-scale culture of microalgae is a key issue that can reduce the consumption of water resources and nutrients. In this study, the identification of inhibitory factors, impacts mechanisms and controlling methods in the medium (water and nutrients) reuse in the process of microalgae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) culturing were thoroughly investigated. Then, a full microalgae culture process control technology system based on medium reuse was established to improve the technology and economic feasibility of the large-scale microalgae cultivation. The main research contents include the reuse of the medium (water and nutrient) and their balance relationship accounting, the evolution of organic and inorganic components along with the circulation of medium, the effects of accumulation of organic compounds on the yield and cell composition of microalgae, inhibition factor recognition, and controlling methods(membrane method, ozone oxidation) optimization, etc. The technical challenges of the recycling of microalgae culture medium were illustrated, which is of great significance to improve the economy of resource-intensive microalgae cultivation.

资源化微藻培养过程氮、磷等营养元素的添加、水资源的大量消耗成为影响大规模微藻生产经济可行性的制约因素。微藻大规模培养过程培养基（水及营养物质）回用是一个关键问题，可以减少水资源和营养物质的消耗。本研究对资源化微藻（蛋白核小球藻）培养过程中培养基（水及营养物质）回用涉及的抑制因子识别、影响机理、控制等科学问题进行深入研究，建立基于培养基循环利用的微藻培养全过程控制技术体系，提高资源化微藻大规模培养技术及经济可行性。研究过程中，主要开展的研究内容包括培养基（水及营养物质）回用次数及平衡关系核算、有机物及无机组分随培养基循环的演化规律、有机物累积对微藻培养产率和细胞组分变化的影响机理、抑制因子识别、控制方法（膜法、臭氧氧化）优选等。本研究可以阐释微藻培养过程培养基循环利用的技术挑战，对提高资源化微藻大规模培养经济性具有十分重要的意义。

本研究提出微藻废水循环培养技术（AWC2T），有助于以清洁、资源高效和经济的方式解决围绕水资源短缺和生态可持续性的挑战。研究建立了一种新的微藻生长模型（AGM），阐明了微藻在AWC2T系统中的生长机理，应用于动态模拟和优化设计。经过8批培养后，回收废水加快了微藻的生长速度，生物量和脂类分别增加了11%和37.65%。积累的可溶性藻类产物（SAPs）通过提供营养和调节代谢促进微藻生长。此外，情景模拟还说明了AWC2T系统的良好长期运行表现。100%回收微藻废水可节省0.3%的氮和54.36%的磷。技术经济分析（TEA）和生命周期评估（LCA）研究了将经济和可持续性原则融入微藻生产的生命周期中。AWC2T通过实现资源的高水平回收、提供实质性利益、增强应急能力和抗风险能力，以及抵消一系列负面环境影响，产生了远优于非循环技术的结果。本研究发表SCI收录研究论文16篇，申请中国发明专利3项，培养博士2名，硕士5名。