双时间模式下考虑任务相关与资源抢占特性的复杂康复治疗过程集成调度研究

With the people's ever-growing needs for a better life in new era, national health demands are greatly increasing. However, the capacity for rehabilitation services are quite inadequate. It is challenging for hospitals to maximize the capacity by scheduling rehabilitation treatments. The rehabilitation scheduling problem is a complicated decision-making problem with multiple types of treatments and operations, and constraints among multiple resources. In the face of the contradiction between the huge demands and undeveloped capacity, this project will research on integrated scheduling of rehabilitation tasks based on activity analysis, mathematical modeling, and optimization theory. It focuses on the reactivity of therapists and operations and considers continuous time and time slots simultaneously. It will develop the function and logic models for different operations, such as coupled operations, preemptive operations and multi-skills; formulate a mathematical programming model based on these properties; develop algorithms to solve the model and test it in practice. The current project will extend the previous research to include double time modules instead of single ones, to consider more operations from practice, e.g. coupled tasks and preemptive scheduling. The expected results not only offer approaches solving the main challenged problem in rehabilitation scheduling problems, but also improve the rehabilitation capacity by these new approaches which is valuable in practice.

在国家战略和人民健康需求面临康复医疗服务发展不充分的背影下，医院正面临如何通过调度治疗任务以最大化服务能力的难题。康复治疗任务调度是一个多任务类型、多种运作方式、多资源关联的复杂决策问题。本项研究旨在综合利用作业分析、数学建模和智能优化方法，根据双时间模式（时间段与连续时间）下集成调度的需要，从治疗师与患者多种运作方式（如任务相关、资源抢占等）交互影响的视角，对康复治疗任务调度问题进行研究。建立各运作方式的量化与数理逻辑关系；建立双时间模式下复杂康复治疗过程集成调度优化模型；构建模型的求解策略与算法，并通过实证研究进行验证。该项研究将原有单种时间模式（时间段或连续时间）下的康复治疗任务调度问题扩展到双时间模式，并从仅考虑全程和分组运作方式的情况扩展到考虑任务相关和资源抢占特性的场景。此项目的研究不仅为康复治疗调度提供理论支持，而且对医院康复治疗管理有实际指导意义。

当前，全民健康已成为国家优先发展战略，而我国康复医疗服务能力整体发展严重不充分，如何提高服务能力是康复医疗健康领域亟待解决的现实问题。考虑到康复治疗多重特性和相互作用，康复治疗任务调度问题已经成为一个多任务类型、多种运作方式、多资源关联的复杂决策问题，具有理论研究价值。本项目主要研究成果如下：（1）本项目从作业分析与运作管理的视角，构建考虑任务相关与资源抢占特性的康复治疗过程量化与数理逻辑关系。（2）建立了该调度问题的最优化数学规划模型——混合整数规划模型，同时提出多种有效不等式。并基于实际问题的时间特性，建立起纯整数规划模型，有效地提高求解问题的规模。（3）研究设计了求解该问题的多种智能调度算法，对多资源交互作用影响的调度决策问题有一定的扩展。最后，通过深圳医院数据的实证研究，验证了本项目所提出模型与算法的有效性。