病态系统分析理论及其在测量中的应用研究.

There are the problems of ill-conditioned state in many fields, such as statistics and surveying and maping which are related to estimation of parameters.And the harmfulness is serious. So a lot of scientific and technological staff pay their attention to the problem and have formed systemic theory and method on diagnosing ill-congditioned state in a system, selecting a model and a method of paremeter estimator. However, the theory and method are mainly suitable for the problem of ill-conditioned state in a system that results from selecting parameters irrationally(typeⅠ). In fact, ill-conditioned state in a system can be resulted from.observation constraction being irrationality or limited by conditions so that the volume of observations information less than that to solve the parameters needed(type Ⅱ). Based on studying typeⅠproblem of measuring ill-conditioned stated in a system,.the staff study mainly on typeⅡ problem. Study measure methods of ill-conditioned state in a system and the volume of observation information. According to the resons that ill-conditioned state resulted from and the characteristics of parameter estimator,the staff offered the space analysis method of ill-conditioned system. Based on the method, the staff studied and offered the method of minimum relative norm which is.used to measure type Ⅰill-conditioned state in a system, and studied the problem of observation effectiveness and offered the method of measuring the volume of observation information. The methods have been used in study of “863” subject----3D surveying technology for close shot, solved the problem of ill-conditioned state in checking digital camera and in measuring the attitude of laser scanner, and gained approving effect. The achievement has extensive application foreground and profound meaning

针对大地测量的特点，将系统病态分析由参数设置不妥情形向观测信息量不足情形拓展。分析观测空间结构特点，以观测信息量为研究对象，将观测信息量与参数估值质量的关系问题贯穿课题始终，建立以大地测量数据处理为应用背景的病态系统分析理论。预期成果不仅可以解决测量中的病态性难题，有重要的理论意义，而且有较广泛的应用前景和使用价值。