东天山海相火山沉积型铁矿床控矿要素对成矿控制作用的空间不稳定性研究

Mineralization is a non-linear complex geo-process, products of which are often heterogeneously distributed. Relationships between deposits and varieties of ore-controlling geological activities are therefore spatially non-stationary. Appropriate understanding to the complex association between mineralization and its controlling factors is one of the pre-conditions of successful mineral exploration and resource assessment. Studies on the spatially non-stationary relationships are consequently significant. Taking the marine volcanic sedimentary Fe mineralization in eastern Tianshan mineral district as an example, this research is about to study the metallogenesis of Fe deposits. According to the geological signatures of ore-controlling factors, geo-anomalies associated with Fe mineralization, as well as spatial distributions of controlling factors themselves are extracted by investigating various geo-datasets including geological, geophysical, geochemical, remote sensing datasets, etc. Furthermore, a mineral prediction and resource assessment model is established, based on which target areas can be delineated. Geographically weighted regression analysis is currently employed to investigate the spatially non-stationary relationships between Fe mineralization and its controlling factors. Qualitative and quantitative description on metallogenesis of Fe deposits in different subareas can therefore be achieved. This model can also provide references and suggestions to future Fe mineral exploration and resource assessment in the target areas.

成矿是一个非线性复杂过程，其产出在空间上呈不连续分布状态。控矿地质活动与矿床产出在空间上具不稳定关系，正确理解成矿与控矿要素间复杂关系是矿产勘查及成矿预测成功实施的前提条件之一。研究地质因素控矿作用的空间不稳定性至关重要。该申请拟以新疆东天山地区海相火山沉积型铁矿床为例深入研究成矿模型，根据控矿要素地质特征选取适当地质、地球物理、地球化学和遥感等数据进行分析，提取铁成矿相关地质异常，定量分析控矿地质因素空间分布特征，并建立火山沉积型铁矿的资源预测和评价模型，圈定成矿远景区。通过加权回归分析方法研究各控矿要素对铁成矿控制作用的空间变化性，以期在东天山不同地区对铁矿的成矿模式进行定性和定量化描述，为该地区进一步开展铁多金属矿产预测与评价，特别是在远景区范围内进一步开展地质勘查工作提供参考依据及区划工作部署建议。

本项目目标为以东天山地区海相火山沉积型铁矿为研究对象，通过矿床模型的研究，对致矿异常以及与控矿地质体有关的异常进行识别和提取，并应用非线性数据处理方法对成矿靶区进行圈定。通过回归分析方法研究控矿地质体对成矿控制作用空间不稳定性进行定量描述，建立局部成矿预测模型并提出勘查工作部署建议。通过本项目的综合研究，解决了控矿要素控制作用空间分布不均匀性的定量描述，主要体现为元素共生模式空间不稳定性的定量化分析方法流程的建立、分析结果的可视化、对铁-铜-金成矿区带的划分从定性描述转化为基于客观数据的定量化分析，提升成矿区靶区精确圈定的能力。项目严格按照既定研究目标执行，成果对于在研究区内开展找矿工作具有实际的指导意义。在本项目资助下，以项目成果发表国际SCI论文2篇，参加欧洲地学联盟年会（EGU）、国际地质大会（IGC）、国际数学地球科学年会（IAMG）等国际会议3次，并在大会上作口头及展板报告。共13名硕士研究生、11名本科生参与到该项目中，培养本科生毕业生5人