Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a complicated, acquired, autoimmune hemorrhagic disease with many immune dysfunctions. The etiology of ITP remains unclear by now. Recent studies found that T-cell immune abnormalities played a role in the pathogenesis of ITP. T-cell activation require co-stimulatory signals which determine the activation、proliferation or apoptosis of T cell. Our previous study found that the expression of co-stimulatory factor may be related to ITP. Recently,programmed cell death molecule PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 in the negative co-stimulatory pathways were discovered in immunology. This pair of molecules showed potential values in pathogenesis and treatment of this disease. The aim of the study is to explore the effect of PD-1 / PD- L1 signaling pathway in T cell proliferation, to elucidate its role in the pathogenesis of ITP and to provide theoretical basis for immune targeting prevention in ITP through researching the dynamic changes of PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway T cells and related cytokines in patients with ITP before and after treatment.
原发免疫性血小板减少症是一种复杂的,多种免疫机制共同参与的获得性自身免疫性出血性疾病,至今发病机制不明。近年来的研究认为, T细胞免疫异常在其发病中起到一定的作用,T细胞的活化需要协同刺激信号,来影响T 细胞的活化增殖或凋亡。我们在前期实验的研究中发现,共刺激分子的表达可能与ITP的发病有关。而负性共刺激途径程序性死亡分子PD-1及其配体PD-L1与多种免疫性疾病的免疫调节有关。本项目研究旨在通过检测ITP患者发病期及治疗后PD-1/PD-L1在T细胞上的表达及T细胞分泌的相关细胞因子的动态变化,探讨 PD-1/ PD-L1信号通路对ITP患者T细胞增殖的调控作用及其对细胞因子分泌的影响,来阐明该通路在ITP发病机制中所起的作用,从而为ITP的免疫靶向治疗提供新思路。
随着广泛而深入的研究,协同刺激分子已成为免疫学研究新的热点之一。PD-1 作为 CD28 超家族的新成员之一,能介导负性协同刺激信 号。研究表明PD-1/PD-L1途径介导的负性信号能有效抑制T、B 细胞功能,在调节机体T淋巴细胞活化和增殖、自我识别和耐受及免疫介导的组织损伤中发挥了重要作用,并在自身免疫性疾病的发生发展中具有重要的生物学意义。本项目从ITP的临床病人的PD-1/PD-L1的表达情况和体外刺激培养T细胞进行阻断和激活PD-1/PD-L1信号通路试验入手,分析PD-1/PD-L1信号通路在ITP中的可能作用机制进行分析。通过本研究证实ITP患者外周血中PD-1+CD4+T细胞表达增高;且存在Th1/ Th2细胞和Treg /Th17免疫细胞失衡的情况。在ITP患者中可溶性PD-1(s PD-1)水平增高,可溶性PD-1水平与疾病的活动度呈正相关。提示ITP患者中增高的sPD-1可能参与抑制PD-1/PD-L1信号通路,使通路对T细胞负性调控功能下降,参与ITP疾病的发生。在体外实验中在给予可溶性PD-L1激活PD-1/PD-L1通路后,出现的相应细胞因子的变化,提示Th1/ Th2细胞和Treg /Th17免疫细胞失衡的情况得到改善;而给予anti-PD-1阻断该通路,未观察到相应的免疫细胞细胞失衡情况得到改善。综上所述,通过本研究提示在ITP患者体内PD-1/PD-L1通路可能因s PD-1水平增高而受到抑制,给予sPD-L1激活PD-1/PD-L1信号通路后可见T细胞免疫失衡的情况改善,为ITP的治疗提供新的思路。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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