铁电-石墨烯复合多功能柔性电子皮肤的力敏、温敏传感机理及性能调控

Novel electronic skin is demanded to sensitively sense alterable physical signals such as force, temperature and humidity in order to realize external environment recognition and human health monitoring. In this project, the composites of ferroelectric material and graphene with three-dimensional (3D) porous structure are prepared to realize the multifunctions of electronic skin, that is the sensing of dynamic force and temperature by the piezoelectric and pyroelectric performances of ferroelectric material and the perception of low-frequency static force, deformation and temperature by the piezoresistance and thermistor effects of 3D porous graphene. The theoretical derivation, numerical simulation and experimental test are combined to obtain the sensing mechanism related to force and temperature based on the ferroelectric material-graphene hybrids. The physical performances including macroscopic effective thermoelectric, piezoelectric and piezoresistive coefficients are also studied. A ferroelectric material-graphene hybrid electronic skin with excellent stretchability and surface microstructure is designed and constructed. The synergistic effects of surface microstructure of electronic skin and 3D porous structure of graphene on the sensing behavior of force and temperature are analyzed in detail. This project provides new theoretical and experimental guidance for potential application of novel multifunctional flexible electronic device.

新型电子皮肤需要具备感知不同模式的力、温度及湿度等物理信息的能力以实现外部环境识别和人体健康监测。本项目考虑将铁电材料与具有三维多孔结构的石墨烯材料复合，利用其中铁电材料的压电性和热释电特性做动态力信号及温度传感，利用三维石墨烯的压阻效应和热敏电阻效应做静态力信号、变形和温度传感，从而实现感知不同模式的力、温度及变形的多功能性，拓宽其应用范围。结合理论分析、数值模拟和实验探讨铁电-三维石墨烯复合材料的力敏、温敏传感机理，研究宏观有效热释电性能、压电性能、压阻性能等物理性能。结合力学分析设计一种可延展的具有表面微结构的铁电-三维石墨烯多功能电子皮肤，探究表面微结构与石墨烯三维多孔结构共同调控其力敏、温敏传感性能的机理，为新型多功能柔性电子器件的应用提供理论及实验指导。

新型电子皮肤需要具备感知不同模式的力、温度及湿度等物理信息的能力以实现外部环境识别和人体健康监测。本项目将铁电材料与具有三维多孔结构的石墨烯材料复合，利用其中铁电材料的压电性做动态力信号及温度传感，利用三维石墨烯的压阻效应和热敏电阻效应做静态力信号、变形和温度传感，从而实现感知不同模式的力、温度及变形的多功能性，拓宽其应用范围。揭示了相切互锁式石墨烯压阻传感器对不同变形的力敏传感机理，并获得了通过表面微结构与三维石墨烯多孔结构共同调控电子皮肤传感特性的有效方法。分别利用冷冻干燥和激光诱导方法制备了多功能石墨烯基柔性传感器，可有效监测压力、温度、湿度、pH值、应变等，可用于触觉感知、伤口健康监测、软体机器人应变检测等方面。结合理论与实验研究获得利用柔性压电传感器测量力加载速率的传感机理，并应用于微小航天器的振动监测。提出了一种新型的基于压电/压阻互锁金字塔微结构的仿生柔性双模式压力传感器，实现了跨尺度动静态力学信号检测，并结合理论分析、数值计算及实验研究进一步完成复杂的刺激加载过程的精确解码，在软体机器人、人机交互、虚拟现实等方面都有着巨大的应用价值。