吸烟对帕金森病大脑黑质-纹状体-皮层环路作用机制的磁共振成像研究

The core pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the nigro-striato-cortical neurodegeneration. Smoking habits is an important environmental factor affecting the onset and prognosis of PD with a wide range of both positive and negative influence, which is realized mainly through regulating the nigro-striato-cortical circuit. Human brain structural and functional network organization are of intelligence and would lead the redistribution and reorganization from the global and local levels with chemical neurotransmitters fluctuate. Given the high heterogeneity and the inter-individual differences of smoking habits, the brain global structural and functional networks' working efficiency would change accordingly. The present program aims to focus on the nigro-striato-cortical circuit and perform our research using multi-sequence neural MRI technology, hoping to shed light on how do smoking habits work on the nigro-striato-cortical circuit. Our program is expected to selectively and appropriately replicate the positive mechanisms and restrain its negative effects, bringing in some useful inspirations to diversified treatments of PD in the future.

原发性帕金森病（简称帕金森病，PD）核心病理改变是脑内黑质-纹状体-皮层的多巴胺能通路的变性。吸烟（smoking habits）是影响PD发病、转归的一项重要环境因素，对PD具有广泛的正性与负性两方面的作用，这种作用主要是通过调控PD黑质-纹状体-皮层环路核心病理改变得以实现。人脑神经网络具有智能性，吸烟引起PD脑黑质-纹状体-皮层环路内化学递质水平的变化必然导致全局网络内资源的再分配或重组，这种改变必然伴随着特征性的脑结构与功能改变 。考虑到吸烟习惯的个体差异及PD本身高度异质性，患者上述环路及全脑功能网络的结构、功能、工作效能亦不断发生变化。本项目拟围绕吸烟习惯对PD患者黑质-纹状体-皮层环路的作用机制展开基于多序列MRI技术的脑磁共振成像研究，以便宏观地认识烟草对PD黑质-纹状体-皮层环路的影响，有选择地、恰当地复制其保护机制、限制其负面效应，以期为PD的多元化治疗提供有益的启发。

原发性帕金森病（简称帕金森病，PD）核心病理改变是脑内黑质-纹状体-皮层的多巴胺能通路的变性。吸烟习惯是影响PD发病、转归的一项重要的环境因素，吸烟主要通过调控PD黑质-纹状体-皮层环路核心病理改变得以实现。烟草引起PD脑黑质-纹状体-皮层环路内化学递质水平的变化必然导致全局网络内资源的再分配或重组。我们的研究工作主要针对两项变量展开，一是吸烟，二是帕金森病人群。我们目前已经进行的一系列工作发现，尼古丁成瘾与脑内围绕岛叶的奖赏网络的白质结构改变余吸烟者的尼古丁成瘾密切相关。同时，在针对PD人群的研究中我们发现，颞叶皮质的早期萎缩和额叶皮质进行性萎缩可以提示患者脑认知损害及发展为PD-MCI的可能。同时，认知相关的颞叶萎缩可能与多巴胺能系统失能有关，而与PD-MCI潜在患者脑中CSF蛋白质无关。