基于钒云母的双重相变材料构筑及其热红外隐身性能研究

Thermal infrared stealth is a novel application direction of mineral functional materials. It is a main difficulty in developing mineral-based phase change composites with excellent thermal infrared stealth performance by making full use of mineral properties. Aiming at preparation of dual phase change materials: VO2/mica-based phase-change thermal storage lamella composites, extraction of vanadium from raw roscoelite will be conducted, for obtaining two main products of leaching liquor in high V5+ concentration and mica with obvious thermal storage characteristics. The as-prepared leaching liquor will be used to prepare VO2 nanoparticles, in another side the mica served as support will be impregnated with phase change materials for preparing mica-based phase change thermal storage lamella. At last, coating VO2 nanoparticles on the lamella will be performed for constructing dual phase change materials. Structure regulation mechanism of VO2 nanoparticles and relationship between structure and property will be clarified by characterizing structure and performance. It will be focused on analyzing the mechanism of compatible expression of infrared stealth performance between mica-based phase change thermal storage lamella and VO2 nanoparticles, optimizing the structure of dual phase change material, and reveling the strengthening mechanism of thermal infrared performance. In this study, it is hopeful to significantly construct mineral-based phase change materials with excellent thermal infrared stealth performance by taking full advantage of mineral properties of roscoelite. This project will provide us a new way and theoretical foundation for application of mineral functional materials in thermal infrared stealth filed.

热红外隐身是矿物功能材料应用的新兴方向，充分发挥矿物特性制备热红外隐身性能优异的矿物基复合相变材料是目前的主要难点。本项目提出以钒云母为原料，提钒获得五价钒占比高的浸出液和储热特征明显的云母，以浸出液为钒源制备VO2纳米颗粒，以云母为支撑基体嵌入相变功能体制备云母基相变储热薄层，通过在云母基相变储热薄层上涂覆VO2纳米颗粒，构筑双重相变材料：VO2/云母基相变储热薄层复合材料；表征结构与性能，明确VO2纳米颗粒结构调控机制，确立云母基相变储热薄层的构性关系；重点研究云母基相变储热薄层与VO2纳米颗粒的热红外隐身性能兼容表达机理，优化双重相变材料结构，阐明其热红外隐身性能强化机制。本项目充分利用钒云母矿物特性，有望构筑热红外隐身性能优异的矿物基复合相变材料，以期为矿物功能材料在热红外隐身技术中的应用提供新思路和理论基础。

本项目以含有钒云母的石煤等为主要原料，焙烧酸浸获得含钒浸出液和酸浸后的石煤，以浸出液为钒源制备VO2纳米颗粒，以酸浸后的石煤为支撑基体嵌入相变功能体制备石煤基相变储热材料；构建云母基相变储热材料并复合VO2纳米颗粒，构筑双重相变材料，强化其热红外隐身性能。通过以上研究，解析了含钒石煤的矿物学特性和储热特征，揭示了石煤基复合材料储热行为的调控机理，构建了不同晶型VO2相变材料并探究了其红外自适应隐身能力；明确了云母基复合相变储热材料构性关系，揭示了其性能调控机理；构筑了双重相变储热材料，阐明了其热红外隐身性能强化机制。发表SCI论文20篇、EI论文2篇，获国际期刊和国内会议优秀论文奖3篇；授权国家发明专利4项、申请美国专利1项，出版专著1部、教材1部；获省部级科技奖励3项，参与项目研究生学位论文获湖南省优秀硕士论文2篇；组织承办国内学术会议1次，在国际/国内学术会议上作学术报告9次；项目负责人入选湖南省湖湘青年英才。研究成果为矿物功能材料在热红外隐身技术中的应用提供新思路和理论基础。