典型PPCPs在藻表面富集的微界面行为及毒性机制研究

Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) have been widely detected at high frequency in the aquatic environment and caused extensive concern on the study of their toxicity and environmental behavior in the world. The proposed study chooses four typical freshwater algae and three representative PPCPs to study the effect of PPCPs on algal community structure through the establishment of dose-effect relationship between PPCPs and algae. What’s more, the adsorption and uptake of PPCPs on algae will be investigated by microscopy and spectroscopy techniques, to illustrate the mainly binding sites on algal surface and variations of algal surface structure. The effect of pH and humic acid on the absorption of PPCPs by algae will be also discussed. Meantime, the effect of PPCPs on the algal ultra-structure will be revealed by the transmission electron microscopy. Combined with the variations of antioxidant enzyme, the toxicity mechanism of PPCPs to algae will be explored at the cellular level. Furthermore, the different nitrogen species will be used to simulate the aquatic environment at different trophic level, the variations on algal sensitivity to coupling of PPCPs and nitrogen species will be studied. The effects of nitrogen species on the transformation behavior of PPCPs by algae will be also illustrated. These findings will be of great value to resolve the transformation behavior and toxicity of the typical PPCPs on the algal-water interfaces at different trophic water. They also provide scientific references the safety criteria of PPCPs and health risk assessment in aquatic environment in China.

药物和个人护理品(PPCPs)因在水环境中被大量频繁检出而引起的毒性及环境行为研究受到国内外广泛关注。本项目拟选取四种典型淡水藻类和三种代表性PPCPs，通过构建PPCPs对藻类的剂量效应关系，明确PPCPs污染下藻类的群落结构变化；结合电镜和光谱能谱技术，探索藻类对PPCPs的吸附吸收行为，阐明藻类对PPCPs的主要吸附结合位点及其表面形貌的变化，并探讨pH、有机质等对其迁移富集行为的影响；同时，应用透射电镜技术揭示PPCPs对藻类胞内超微结构的影响，结合胞内抗氧化酶活性变化，在细胞水平上明晰PPCPs对藻类的生态毒性机制。此外，利用形态氮模拟不同营养水平水体，着重研究PPCPs与形态氮耦合作用下藻类敏感性差异，并探讨其对藻类吸收PPCPs的影响，旨在解答不同营养水体中典型PPCPs在藻-水界面的迁移富集及毒性行为，从而为我国水体PPCPs的水生态安全标准及健康风险评价提供科学依据。

药物和个人护理品（PPCPs）因在水环境中被频繁检出及其生态毒性而受到国内外的广泛关注，其中，卡马西平、三氯生和佳乐麝香是当前全球研究热点之一。本项目利用典型的淡水藻类为研究对象，综合运用显微镜技术和现代有机波谱分析技术，着重研究了三种PPCPs对藻类的生态毒性效应及其迁移转化行为，构建了PPCPs与藻类之间的剂量-效应关系，从细胞水平上明晰了PPCPs对藻类的毒性机制，并揭示了藻类对PPCPs的生物降解性能；探讨了环境因素（pH、有机质和形态氮）对上述行为的影响，即有机质可以吸附卡马西平和三氯生来减少其进入藻细胞内而缓解其毒性作用，分子态三氯生更易进入藻细胞内而表现出更强毒性。本项目系统深入地认识三种PPCPs在藻类中的环境行为和生态毒性，为其水生态安全风险评价和污染控制技术奠定了理论基础，也为其他PPCPs同类研究提供可借鉴的研究体系和技术方法。