燃料电池堆中膜电极参数与性能的关系研究

The most obvious gap within fuel cell stacks between China and other countries is the consistency of single cells，which affects the performance and lifetime of fuel cell stacks. Membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the key component to determine the performance of the fuel cell. The synchronization testing method of multi-chip MEAs in the stack proposed in the previous work solved the problem that MEAs cannot be tested directly, and created the scientific research condition for improving overall consistency of the stack. The scientific problem which must be solved is to understand the relationship between MEA parameters and performance of fuel cell stack, and it can guide the selection of MEAs for assembling high consistent stacks and overhauling aged stacks. .With the help of the early developed synchronous tester used in the MEAs parameters measurement this project firstly studies on the relationship between the generation performance of the stack and the MEAs parameters, such as electrochemically active surface areas, hydrogen crossover current, double-layer capacitance and cell resistance, and then researches on the interaction between each MEA parameter, and finally establishes the function to describe the relationship between MEA multi-parameters and performance of the fuel cell stack. The feature and innovation of the project are using the synchronization testing method of multi-chip MEAs to conduct the basic research on the fuel cell stack and exploring the correlations between MEA multi-parameters and the generation performance for the first time. Workload is greatly less with the help of the new method than using the testing method of single MEA before..The research results not only have an application value in improving the performance and increasing the lifetime of the stack, but also has a great significance for developing the theories of fuel cells. It is expected to publish 5 papers for the SCI journals at least.

我国燃料电池与国外的最明显差距是燃料电池堆内部各节一致性，一致性影响性能和寿命。膜电极是决定燃料电池性能的关键，前期研究出电堆多片膜电极同步检测法，解决了不能直接测电堆膜电极的问题，为提升电堆一致性创造了科研条件。组装高一致性电堆或大修电堆进行膜电极选配，需解决“膜电极参数与性能关系”的科学问题。.本项目将借助前期开发的电堆多片膜电极测试仪，研究膜电极催化剂活性面积、氢渗透电流、双电层电容、阻抗等参数与燃料电池发电性能的对应关系，研究膜电极各参数之间的互动关系及位置影响，从而建立膜电极多参数与燃料电池性能间的关系函数。其特色和创新是首次利用电堆多片膜电极同步检测法开展电堆相关基础研究，首次探索膜电极多参数与发电性能的关系。用电堆膜电极测试法实验比用单片膜电极测试法大大节省工作量。.研究成果，不仅有提升电堆性能和寿命的实用价值，而且对于发展燃料电池理论有重要意义。计划发表SCI论文至少5篇。

我国燃料电池与国外的最明显差距是燃料电池堆内部各节一致性，一致性影响性能和寿命。膜电极是决定燃料电池性能的关键，前期研究出电堆多片膜电极同步检测法，解决了不能直接测电堆膜电极的问题，为提升电堆一致性创造了科研条件。组装高一致性电堆或大修电堆进行膜电极选配，需解决“膜电极参数与性能关系”的科学问题。.本项目基于膜电极单参数对电池性能的影响规律，建立了膜电极参数表征电池性能的模型公式，利用该模型量化了电池的活化阻抗、传质阻抗和极限电流等参数。分析了恒电流充电法的设定参数对检测结果的影响规律，给出条件参数的选择依据；开发了120路膜电极检测仪，实现对大功率电堆内膜电极参数的同步检测；提出多片膜电极电化学参数一致性评价指标，对两台商业燃料电池堆进行一致性评价：催化剂活性下降是复合板电堆的性能衰减的主因，而金属板电堆内各片膜电极状态良好。因此，可以综合利用恒流充电法、膜电极参数一致性评价指标和燃料电池性能模型来分析电堆性能和一致性变化的原因，为评价燃料电池堆一致性和预测燃料电池堆的剩余寿命提供了有力支持。.本项目的研究成果，不仅有提升电堆性能和寿命的实用价值，而且对于发展燃料电池理论有重要意义。发表了SCI论文22篇，申报专利35项，培养博士后及研究生8名。