变化生境条件下长江江苏段浮游植物胁迫响应机制研究

Taking the lower reach (in Jiangsu Province) of the Yangtze River as the research object, with the characteristics of changing river regime, degradation of water quality, as well as changing habitat, this study focuses on the stress response mechanism of phytoplankton to changing habitat of the Yangtze River. Using the methods of Hydrology, Hydraulics, Chemistry, Biology, Ecology, Phytosociology, and Environmental Science, through theoretical analysis, experimental study, model establishment, and calculation, this research studies the new classification morphology-based functional groups (MBFG) which is aimed at phytoplankton in rivers. The new version of the MBFG will reflect the function characteristics of phytoplankton in rivers as well as ecological values and the differences between habitat templetes. Based on the new version of the MBFG, this research will study the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of phytoplankton community structures and biodiversities, as well as their relationship with environmental factors, and the responses of phytoplankton to different environmental interference intensities. Moreover, the main control effect of the biomass of phytoplankton in the lower reach of the Yangtze River is addressed in this research, as well as the seasonal succession pattern of phytoplankton. The index of biotic intergrity for phytoplankton will be established in this research to study the responses of phytoplankton to habitat stress. Based on the above study, the stress response mechanism of phytoplankton to changing habitat of the lower reach (in Jiangsu Province) of the Yangtze River will be discovered in this research, as well as the proposal of the effective control measures to protect the ecological environment of the Yangtze River. Obviously, this study will be beneficial for the ecological environment protection of the Yangtze River.

本研究以河势变化、河流水质下降、水生生物栖息地环境逐年改变的变化生境新形势下长江下游江苏段为研究对象，以水文学、水力学理论以及化学、生物学、生态学、植物学、环境学理论与方法为基础，综合运用理论分析、野外调查监测、实验研究与分析计算等研究方法，研究并提出适合于河流的浮游植物形态功能群分类方法，该方法能够反映浮游植物功能特征以及生境模板的差异，因此成为浮游植物生态学研究重要手段；以此为切入点，分析浮游植物群落结构和生物多样性时空变化特征，探索浮游植物与环境因子相关性，揭示浮游植物对环境不同干扰强度的响应规律，进一步研究浮游植物生物量主导控制效应，探索浮游植物季节演替模式，构建浮游植物生物完整性指数，探索浮游植物生物完整性对生境压力的响应，在此基础上揭示变化生境条件下长江江苏段浮游植物胁迫响应机制，并分析长江江苏段水生态环境保护可控性，为长江江苏段水生态环境保护、水资源可持续利用提供科学依据。

本研究以河势逐年变化、河流水质下降、水生生物栖息地环境逐年改变的变化生境新形势下长江下游江苏段为研究对象，以水文学、水力学基本理论以及化学、生物学、生态学、植物学、环境学理论与方法为基础，综合运用理论分析、野外调查监测、实验研究、模型构建与分析计算等研究方法，研究并提出了适合于河流的浮游植物形态功能群分类方法（MBFG法），该方法能够反映浮游植物功能特征，体现生境模板的差异，以此为切入点，进一步分析了浮游植物群落结构和生物多样性时空变化特征，解析了浮游植物群落结构与环境因子的相关性，构建了Gasol模型，探索了浮游植物生物量主导控制效应，揭示了浮游植物群落结构季节演替模式，建立了长江江苏段河流浮游植物生物完整性指数（IBI），解析了长江江苏段浮游植物生物完整性对生境压力的响应，在此基础上揭示了变化生境条件下长江江苏段浮游植物胁迫响应机制，提出了对沉积物内源磷和溶解态有机质控制的生态修复方法及控制机制，可为变化生境新形势下长江江苏段水生态环境保护、水资源可持续利用提供科学依据。项目研究成果具有重要的理论意义、学术价值和实际应用价值。