西部人工固沙区土壤线虫群落模型与环境变化预测

Soil nematodes widely exist in soil system and participate in the soil organic matter decomposition, nutrient mineralization of the plant and nutrient cycling. Due to their large abundance, small individual, shorter generation time and easily to be separated and identified etc., it has been used as a biological indicator of soil quality, environmental conditions and ecological restoration in farmland, forest and grassland. However, there are no researches on systems biology and bioinformatics method being applied in the field of ecology, as well as the researches on nematode evaluation system for an artificial sand-fixing vegetation based on the soil nematodes as an indicator of ecological environment changes in desert system. The objectives of this project are to investigate the characteristics of nematode communities under different vegetation in sand-mobiling dunes, semi-fixing dunes and sand-fixing dunes in Shapotou, western China, and examine the nematode community beneath different type of soil crusts. Finally, based on the above work, we will built a nematode evaluation system for an artificial sand-fixing plants based on the soil nematodes as an indicator of ecological environment changes in desert system, Gansu province. Further, the results will benefit to clarify ecological system structure and its function in artificial vegetation in Shapotou area, to understand the relationship between nematode community and artificial fixing sands, and to provide scientific basis for management, protection and monitoring on the artificial vegetation.

土壤线虫广泛存在于土壤中,参与土壤有机质分解、植物营养矿化及养分循环。由于土壤线虫个体小、时代时间短、易于分离鉴定等原因，被作为指示生物用于农田、森林和草地，以揭示土壤质量变化、环境条件变化、生态恢复变化。但国内外尚未见利用系统生物学理论与方法建立数学模型和生物信息数据库，最终整合一个人工固沙植被演替的线虫评估体系的研究。本项目拟对西部沙坡头地区流动沙丘、半固定沙丘和固定沙丘不同植被下土壤中线虫群落特征进行研究，并对不同结皮土壤的线虫群落进行研究；在上述工作基础之上，利用系统生物学理论与方法建立数学模型和生物信息数据库，最终整合完成一个人工固沙植被演替的线虫评估体系。本项目的实施将为揭示沙坡头地区固定沙丘结皮形成及发育机制，更加深入探讨该地区人工植被固定沙丘生态系统结构与功能，以及进一步阐明线虫群落与人工固沙的关系提供理论参考，并为甘肃省沙漠化土地生态恢复的管理、保护与监测提供科学依据。