工作场所暴力诱发医务人员负向情绪传递与行为偏倚的路径与机制研究

The deterioration of doctor-patient relationship in China has seriously disturbed the healthy development of medical and health services, and the violence in hospital workplace needs to be dealt with urgently.The innovative research takes emotional infection as the explanation path, aiming to depict the diffusion path and occurrence mechanism of the negative influence of violent medical injury events on medical staff.Based on the basic research idea of "emotional infection theory model construction -- field investigation and current situation research -- negative impact analysis -- mechanism and influencing factors interpretation -- optimization strategy mode selection", this paper discusses and interprets the social problem of negative emotional transmission among medical staff induced by workplace violence.The double-controlled research method reveals the status quo of individual emotional experience and interactive emotional infection induced by workplace violence.Structural equation model (sem) explains the relationship between emotional violence infection in the workplace and medical staff's professional behaviors.Multivariate linear regression analysis and explanatory structure model were used to comprehensively analyze the relevant factors that accelerate the emotional infection of medical staff. Finally, a diagnostic tool suitable for measuring the emotional infection of medical staff in workplace violence was developed, and the optimal countermeasures set for the treatment of emotional infection in hospital workplace violence was solved by applying the multi-criteria decision analysis theory.This study will provide empirical basis and operational countermeasures and suggestions for health administrative departments and medical institutions to manage the follow-up impact of hospital violence and optimize medical personnel's practice behavior.

我国医患关系恶化已经严重困扰医疗卫生事业健康发展，医院工作场所暴力更亟待治理。研究创新性以情绪感染为解释路径，旨在刻画暴力伤医事件对医务人员消极影响的扩散路径与发生机制。基于“情绪感染理论模型构建—实地调查与现状研究—负向影响分析—机制与影响因素阐释——优化对策模式选择”这一基本研究思路，探讨和解读工作场所暴力诱发医务人员群体间负向情绪传递这一社会问题；双重对照研究方法揭示工作场所暴力诱发个体情绪体验和交互情绪感染的现状；结构方程模型阐释工作场所暴力情绪感染与医务人员执业行为关联；多元线性回归分析和解释结构模型综合分析加速医务人员情绪感染的相关因素，最后，开发适用于医务人员受工作场所暴力情绪感染的测量工具，并运用多准则决策分析理论求解治理医院场所暴力情绪感染的优化对策集。本研究将为卫生行政部门和医疗机构进行治理医院场所暴力后续影响以及优化医务人员执业行为提供实证依据和可操作的对策建议。

医院工作场所暴力频繁发生，对其进行探讨与治理是世界各国医疗卫生发展迫切解决与关注的重要难题。我国医院工作场所暴力事件近些年也屡见不鲜，医患关系呈现前所未有的紧张局面。暴力伤医带来的负性情绪传递不仅波及范围广，而且可能对医务人员心理和行为造成不良影响。倘若忽视医院工作场所暴力引发的负性情绪传递、交互与感染，当负面情绪汇集成为群体情绪，其结果可能对整个医疗行业产生极大影响。研究基于心理学中的情绪感染理论，综合运用理论研究与实证研究相结合的方法，对我国医院工作场所暴力诱发的医务人员情绪感染的传递路径与理论模型、情绪感染发生水平及相关因素及治理策略进行研究。研究中引入医院工作场所暴力、情绪和情绪感染等问卷，对研究对象进行调查和深入访谈，研究对象涵盖了医生、护士、医院管理人员、医学生和患者群体，深入分析探讨医院工作场所暴力诱发的医务人员负性情绪传递的心理影响及执业行为变化，研究患者群体接触医院工作场所暴力情绪体验，探析医学生接触医院工作场所暴力现状及影响，积极探索并提出有效治理医务人员医院工作场所暴力情绪感染的策略，为医疗机构治理医院工作场所暴力后续影响以及优化医务人员执业行为提供实证依据和可操作的对策建议。