Cotton Verticillium wilt is one of the most serious fungal disease to the cotton growth and development, and is caused by invasion of a soil born pathogen (Verticillium dahliae) into cotton from root wound. It is very difficult for us to development the cotton disease-resistant varieties (including transgenic breeding) because of the lack of antifungal peptide genes in the cotton genome. In order to overcome this difficulty, 5 antifungal peptide genes have been cloned in our previous studies. However, most antifungal peptides are some toxic proteins, which may be harmful not only to the fungi but also to the cells of animals and plants, with a security risk. Therefore, we cannot use the constitutive promoters, such as CaMV 35S, and must use a synthetic promoter with the fungus-inducible, wound-inducable and root-specific cis-motifs in it (called as "tripartite synthetic promoter") to control the specific/inducible expression of antifungal peptide gene only in the cotton root cells to avoid the defects of CaMV 35S. For this purpose, the present project will be carried out (1) to study the fungus-inducible, wound-inducable and root-specific cis-motifs in "tripartite synthetic promoter", providing the theory and technology for artificial design and synthesis of "tripartite synthetic promoter"; (2) to study the relationship between "tripartite synthetic promoter" activity and its structure, guiding the screening of the best " tripartite synthetic promoter "; (3) to study the expression characteristics and required conditions of antifungal peptide gene under the best "tripartite synthetic promoter", guiding the cotton resistance breeding to verticillium wilt.
棉花黄萎病是危害棉花最严重的真菌性病害,是病菌由土壤从棉花根系伤口处侵入引起的。目前,因缺乏抗菌肽基因,使棉花抗病育种(包括转基因育种)面临困难。为此,我们的前期研究已克隆了5个抗菌肽基因。而抗菌肽大多是一些毒性蛋白,不但对病菌有毒性,而且对动、植物细胞也可能有毒性,存在安全风险。因此,不能用诸如CaMV 35S的组成性启动子,而必须改用病菌诱导性、伤口诱导性和根专化性的“三元启动子”调控抗菌肽基因的表达,使毒性蛋白只在根系中特异、适时、集中出现,以避免CaMV 35S的缺陷。为此,本项目计划(1)研究病菌诱导性、伤口诱导性和根专化性的启动子顺式基序(cis-motifs),为人工设计与合成“三元启动子”提出理论和技术;(2)研究“三元启动子”的活性与其结构的关系,以指导最佳“三元启动子”的筛选;(3)研究最佳“三元启动子”调控下的抗菌肽基因的表达特点和所需条件,以指导棉花抗黄萎病育种。
棉花黄萎病是由大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae)引起的严重危害棉花生长与发育的真菌病害,其病菌常由土壤从根系侵入棉花体内在维管束系统进行传导和扩散致使植物萎蔫乃至死亡。目前,因缺乏抗菌肽基因,使棉花抗病育种(包括转基因育种)面临困难。为此,我们的前期研究已克隆了5个抗菌肽基因。而抗菌肽大多是一些毒性蛋白,不但对病菌有毒性,而且对动、植物细胞也可能有毒性,存在安全风险。因此,不能用诸如CaMV35S的组成性启动子,而必须改用病菌诱导性、伤口诱导性和根专化性的“三元启动子”调控抗菌肽基因的表达,使毒性蛋白只在根系中特异、适时、集中出现,以避免CaMV35S的缺陷。为此,我们在本项目研究中首先用PCR扩增技术从棉花中克隆根特异性启动子,然后对它进行适当人工修饰,以提高启动子活性;再分别与GUS基因和抗菌肽基因(BTD-S)连接,使两个基因在植物中表达,以检测启动子的活性和外源抗菌肽基因在根系中的表达水平及其对黄萎病菌的抑制作用,并评价启动子在棉花抗黄萎病育种中的应用价值。研究结果表明,获得的4个启动子MIC-3、WRKY54、TIP-2和PRP-2,经序列分析发现均含有根特异性表达元件;用它们构建的GUS基因表达载体和抗菌肽基因(BTD-S)表达载体,分别通过根癌农杆菌介导法转化拟南芥,获得转GUS基因植株和转BTD-S基因植株,经基因表达特征的分析,证实上述4个启动子具有根特异表达的特性,尤其MIC-3具有较强的启动子活性,使抗菌肽基因在根系中表达水平显著提高,从而有效地抑制了病菌的侵入。结论:抗菌肽基因可在根特异启动子驱动下进行根系特异性表达,不但第一时间阻止了病菌侵入,而且可减少非特异性表达所造成的浪费,以及可能对受体植物正常生长的干扰,或避免转基因可能引起的安全性风险,是今后作物转基因育种的有效方法之一。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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