具有Yolk-Shell结构的纳米磁性硅酸盐复合材料的合成及其吸附Pb(II)、Cr(VI)性能研究

Single-component silicate material adsorption capacity is limited and it is difficult to effectively separate from the sewage system. Based on the previous research, silicates as the breakthrough point, the project plans to prepare yolk-shell nanostructured magnetic silicates which have the special properties of nanomaterials, hollow structure, magnetism and silicates properties together, investigate performance of yolk-shell nanostructured magnetic silicates in adsorption, find correlation between of structure, shape, components and properties and thus make it clear that how synergies effect works between different materials that lead to the changes of properties. Through the above-mentioned study, the project aims to finding a new method to build yolk-shell nanostructured magnetic silicates, summarizing basic laws of such material synthesis and providing experimental and theoretical basis for future propulsion yolk-shell nanostructured magnetic silicates applications. Therefore, this project has the vital scientific significance and the ability to obtain innovative achievements.

针对目前单一组分硅酸盐材料吸附性能有限、难以从污水体系中有效分离的问题，本项目以硅酸盐材料为切入点, 集合纳米材料、空心材料、磁性材料、硅酸盐材料实现Yolk-Shell结构的纳米磁性硅酸盐复合材料可控构建；考察复合材料吸附Pb(II)、Cr(VI)的性能；明确结构、形态、组成与性能之间的相关性；研究协同效应对材料性能的影响。希望通过上述研究，找到构建Yolk-Shell结构磁性硅酸盐的新方法，总结这类材料合成与重金属吸附性能之间的基本规律，为今后推进Yolk-Shell结构的纳米磁性硅酸盐复合材料的应用提供实验和理论基础。因此，本项目的研究具有重要的科学意义并能够取得创新性成果。

Yolk-Shell结构纳米复合材料的可控构建对吸附、催化、锂离子电池等物理化学性能有着重要的影响，有效地调控复合材料纳米结构对于优化材料的性质极为关键。本项目希望找到构建Yolk-Shell结构磁性硅酸盐的新方法，总结这类材料合成与重金属吸附性能之间的基本规律，为今后推进Yolk-Shell结构的纳米磁性硅酸盐复合材料的应用提供实验和理论基础。在本项目的支持下，成功实现了通过改变反应条件合成不同形态纳米硅酸铜材料，并以硅酸铜为基础，研究硅酸铜纳米复合材料的性能；构建异质结构磁性纳米复合材料Fe3O4/Fe@ZnO、Ag@Fe3O4，并分别研究材料的性能与特定结构之间的关系；构建中空结构磁性纳米材料Fe3S4，研究其吸附和锂离子电池性能；同时项目开展中运用各种合成方法构建Ag@ZIF-8、Fe3S4纳米材料，研究性能与结构之间的关系。