基于线粒体基因组的地长蝽亚科（半翅目：地长蝽科）系统发育基因组学研究

Rhyparochrominae is the largest subfamily of Lygaeoidea (Hemiptera), with approximately 1800 described species in 14 tribes. This subfamily is a key group to study the phylogeny of Lygaeoidea, even the Hemiptera. Phylogenetic relationships of tribal-level groups within Rhyparochrominae are still controversial, and previous studies are mostly based on morphological characters or few nuclear genes. In recent years, mitochondrial (mt) genome was considered as an important molecular marker in the phylogenetic analysis and evolution, which has been widely employed to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships among family and genus level. To date, the mt-genome of Rhyparochrominae has not been reported, except we sequenced 5 mt-genomes of this subfamily in our preliminary research. By using the method of combine long-PCR amplification and high-throughput sequencing, we try to sequence the complete mitochondrial genomes of 23 representatives of 14 tribes in Rhyparochrominae, comparative analyze the diversity and structural features of sequenced mt-genomes, test and alleviate the affects of long-branch attraction and other factors, reconstruct the tribal-level phylogeny of Rhyparochrominae and build a more reasonable classification system based on mt-genomes. In addition, combine the phylogenetic relationships of Rhyparochrominae with the fossil record to estimate the divergence time of major clades, and analyze the origin and evolution patterns of the main groups within Rhyparochrominae.

地长蝽亚科是半翅目长蝽总科中最大的亚科，目前已知14族1800余种。该亚科是研究长蝽总科乃至半翅目系统发育关系的重要类群。已往地长蝽亚科族级阶元系统发育的研究是以形态学性状或少量核基因数据获得的，且缺乏统一的认识。昆虫线粒体基因组近年来已成为研究进化及系统发育的重要分子标记，并被广泛用于昆虫的科级和属级阶元的系统发育研究。除申请人前期测定的5种地长蝽亚科线粒体基因组外，目前国内外均没有该亚科线粒体基因组的报道。申请人拟采用长片段扩增技术结合高通量测序的方法，测定地长蝽亚科14族23个代表种的线粒体基因组全序列，比较分析该类昆虫线粒体基因组多样性及进化特点，在排除长枝吸引等因素的影响后，基于线粒体基因组数据构建地长蝽亚科族级阶元间的系统发育关系，为建立更合理的分类系统提供线粒体基因组数据的支撑，并联合化石等证据推算其进化分歧时间，分析地长蝽亚科主要类群的起源和进化方式。

地长蝽亚科是半翅目长蝽总科中最大的亚科，该亚科是研究长蝽总科乃至半翅目系统发育关系的重要类群。以往地长蝽亚科族级阶元系统发育的研究是以形态学性状或少量核基因数据获得的。本项研究采用长片段扩增（LongPCR）技术结合高通量测序的方法，测得地长蝽亚科13族18个代表种的线粒体基因组全序列，结合前期测定的5种该亚科线粒体基因组数据，比较分析了该类昆虫线粒体基因组多样性及进化特点，并基于线粒体基因组数据构建地长蝽亚科族级阶元间的系统发育关系，为建立更合理的分类系统提供线粒体基因组数据的支撑。