电极表面芳香杂环有机分子纳米结构的外场调控与性能研究

Aromatic heterocyclic compounds have been widely applied in many functional nanodevices, such as light-emitting diodes, solar cells, field effect transistor and sensor devices because they showed high charge mobility and special performance, such as electron donor and receptor, due to the introduction of heteroatoms into aromatic cycles. The performance of the functional nanodevices not only has a direct relationship with the molecular properties but also closely have related to nanostructures formed by functional molecules on electrode surface. Controlling the nanostructures of heterocyclic aromatic molecules on electrode surface will be beneficial to improve the device performance and constructing new functional nanodevices. This project will be aimed at the regulation of two-dimensional nanostructures of aromatic heterocyclic molecules on electrode surface by using of external stimuli: optical, electrical and thermal measurements. STM, AFM, STS and theoretical simulation will be adopted to research the regulation process of external stimuli on the heterocyclic aromatic molecular nanostructure from the molecular level, to understand and master the micro-mechanism and basic rules of external stimuli, to develop controllable manufacturing science of method of surface nanostructure, understand the unique physical and chemical properties of aromatic heterocyclic organic molecules generated external stimuli from the molecular level. It can be expected to propose new idea for improving the properties of functional nanodevices at the view of interfacial structure controlling and provide new methods for fabricating novel functional nanodevices.

芳香族杂环化合物由于具有离域电子表现出较高的电荷迁移率，杂原子的引入赋予了芳香族分子诸如电子給体、受体等特殊性能，因此在发光二极管、太阳能电池、场效应晶体管和传感器等许多纳米功能器件中得到了广泛应用。器件的性能不仅与构建器件的分子本身性能有直接关系，同时与分子在电极表面形成的纳米结构也密切相关。控制芳香杂环分子在电极表面的纳米结构对提高器件性能以及构建新型纳米功能器件都具有重要的研究意义。本项目将利用光、电、热等外场条件实现对芳香杂环有机分子二维纳米结构的调控构筑，利用STM，AFM以及STS、理论模拟等多种技术从纳米尺度下研究纳米结构的调控过程，掌握外场作用的微观机制和基本规律，发展可控制造表面纳米结构的方法学；从分子水平上了解外场刺激下芳香杂环有机分子产生的独特物理化学特性，从表界面结构控制的角度提出提高纳米功能器件性能的新思路，以期为新型纳米功能器件提供新方法、新技术。

本项目以芳香族杂环化合物分子为研究对象，利用高分辨的扫描隧道显微镜（STM），多功能的原子力显微镜(AFM）以及扫描隧道谱（STS）、理论模拟等多种技术，在纳米尺度下系统研究了芳香杂环化合物分子二维表面的组装行为，揭示了分子间静电作用、氢键作用、偶极作用等弱相互作用对芳香杂环化合物分子组装结构的影响，并利用针尖诱导构筑了富勒烯-杂环有机分子异质复合双层结构，实现了电场与浓度协同调控杂环功能分子非共价键的自组装；利用共价键作用成功构筑了典型芳香杂环化合物-苝酰亚胺类分子的主客体复合结构，实现了苝酰亚胺类分子、含氧芳香杂环等多种芳香杂环化合物分子表面纳米结构的有效调控，并进一步向三维空间扩展成功制备了具有高结晶性亚胺键连的杂环共价有机框架结构材料，发展了可控制造表面纳米结构的方法学，对纳米功能器件性能的提高有着重要的指导意义。相关研究成果发表文章10篇，达到项目研究目标，按期完成研究任务。